龙口市初中生青少年特发性脊柱侧凸调查

A survey on adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in junior high school students of Longkou City

[目的]调查龙口市初中生青少年特发性脊柱侧凸(adolescent idiopathic scoliosis,AIS)相关脊柱侧凸异常的发生与因素。[方法]采用随机整群抽样的方法,筛查龙口市6所学校3248名初中生胸段、胸腰段、腰段脊柱侧凸情况,采用单因素与二元多因素逻辑回归分析脊柱异常的相关因素。[结果]龙口市初中生脊柱侧凸异常为10.07%,女生(12.38%)的比例高于男生(7.69%),胸腰段AIS比例最高(5.45%)。单因素比较分析结果显示,异常组女性占比显著高于正常组(P<0.001),异常组城市学校占比显著高于正常组(P<0.001),异常组近视比率显著高于正常组(P<0.05),异常组母亲孕期患病比率显著高于正常组(P<0.05),异常组BMI显著低于正常组(P<0.05)。二元多因素逻辑回归分析结果表明:女性(0R=1.573,P<0.001)是脊柱异常的危险因素,学校在农村(OR=0.592,P<0.001)、非仰卧位(OR=0.512,P=0.038)、非右侧卧位(0R=0.499,P=0.038)和高BMI(0R=0.560,P=0.002)是脊柱异常的保护因素。[结论]对初中生AIS预防应更加关注女生、城市学校、仰卧位睡姿、右侧卧位睡姿和低BMI的学生。

[Objective]To explore the occurrence and relative factors of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS)-related abnormality in junior high school students of Longkou City.[Methods]By using random cluster sampling method,3248 junior high school students selected from 6 schools in Lx>ngkou City were screened for thoracic,thoracolumbar,and lumbar scoliosis related abnormality.The univariate comparison and binary multiple logistic regression were conducted to search the factors related to the spinal abnormality.[Results]The spinal abnormality was found in 10.07%junior high school students of Longkou City,with significantly higher proportion of girls(12.38%)than that of boys(7.69%),and the highest proportion(5.45%)of abnormality in the thoracolumbar spine.In term of univariate comparation,the abnormal group had significantly higher proportion in girls(P<0.001),significantly higher proportion of urban schools(P<0.001),significantly higher incidence of myopia(P<0.05),significantly higher proportion of maternal illness during pregnancy(P<0.05),and significantly lower BMI than the normal group(P<0.05).As results of binary multivariate logistic regression analysis,the female(0R=1.573,P<0.001)was the risk factors for spinal abnormalities,whereas the school in rural areas(0R=0.592,P<0.001),non-supine positionand(OR=0.512,P=0.038),non-right decubitus(OR=OA99,P=0.038)and high BMI(0R=0.560,P=0.002)were protective factor for spinal abnormalities.[Conclusion]The prevention of AIS for junior high school students should pay more attention to girls,urban schools,supine position-and,right decubitus and students with low BMI.