唐代纺织品生产行政管理机构探析

Analysis of the Administrative Organizations for Textile Production in the Tang Dynasty

[研究意义]唐代纺织业和商品经济的快速发展,推动唐政府设置了高度完备的纺织品生产行政管理机构。[研究方法]文章采用文献研究法,对唐代纺织品生产行政管理机构的设置和原因进行系统的分析,并探讨了唐代纺织品行政机构设置的意义。[研究结论]研究认为:唐代纺织品生产管理机构主要分为中央行政管理机构、宫廷机构和地方官营机构。纺织品生产中央行政管理机构是少府,下设织染署、左尚署、中尚署与纺织品生产和供给有关;唐代在内廷及东宫下设内作使、掖庭局、贵妃院(非常设机构,仅玄宗一朝)、太子家令寺;官锦坊属于地方官营纺织机构,从事纺织品的生产和供给。设置纺织品生产行政机构的原因是皇室奢侈的服饰需求、政治需求以及私营纺织作坊的兴起,如此制度完备的纺织业管理体系不仅可以迎合商品经济的发展,还可以维护王朝统治。

The rapid development of the textile industry and commodity economy in the Tang Dynasty promoted the Tang government to set up a highly complete administration for textile production.This article adopts the method of literature research to systematically analyze the establishment and reasons of the administrative organizations for textile production in Tang Dynasty,and discusses the significance of the establishment of the administrative organizations for production in the Tang Dynasty.It concludes that the management organizations of textile production in the Tang Dynasty are mainly divided into three categories:the Shao Fu,the institutions of textile production of the imperial palace and the Eastern Palace,and the local government management and operation institutions.The reasons for the establishment are the extravagant clothing needs of the royal family,political needs,and the rise of private textile workshops.Such a well-established textile industry management system can not only cater to the development of the commodity economy,but also maintain the rule of the dynasty.