玉米须对高脂血症大鼠肝组织保护作用研究

Protective Effect of Corn Stigma on Liver Tissue of Hyperlipidemia Rats

目的:玉米须水煎液对高脂血症大鼠肝损伤的改善作用,并结合代谢组学探讨其作用机制。方法:通过喂高脂饲料4 w后建立高脂血症模型,将成模大鼠给予立普妥3 mg/kg、玉米须2.7、5.4、10.8 g/kg灌胃给药,给药8 w后,检测大鼠三酰甘油(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、游离脂肪酸、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)水平和肝组织病理状态,并采用UPLC/Q-TOF-MS技术,结合主成分分析和正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析方法,分析肝组织代谢谱的变化。结果:与正常对照组相比,模型对照组大鼠TC、TG、LDL-C和游离脂肪酸水平及AST、ALT活力明显升高(P<0.05),结合病理观察显示,模型对照组大鼠肝组织明显受损;与模型对照组相比,玉米须各剂量组TC、TG、LDL-C和游离脂肪酸水平明显降低,经玉米须给药后的大鼠AST、ALT明显降低(P<0.05),提示玉米须能够恢复高脂血症引起的肝损伤。代谢组学研究表明,玉米须保护肝损伤的机制可能和糖代谢中多条代谢通路相关。结论:玉米须能有效改善高脂血症引发的肝组织损伤。

Objective:To study the protective effect of corn stigma decoction against liver injury in hyperlipidemia rats and explore its mechanism based on metabonomics. Methods: A hyperlipidemia model was established by exposing rats to high-fat diets for four weeks. Then the successfully modeled rats were separately intragastrically administrated with 0.03 g/mL lipitor and 2.7, 5.4, and 10.8 g/kg corn stigma decoction for eight weeks, followed by the measurement of triacylglycerol(TG), cholesterol(TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), free fatty acids, alanine transaminase(ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and observation of liver histopathological features. The changes in liver metabolic profile were analyzed by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS, principal component analysis, and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis. Results: Compared with the normal control group, the model group exhibited significantly increased TC, TG, LDL-C, free fatty acids, AST and ALT(P<0.05). The pathological observation showed that the liver tissue of rats in the model group was obviously damaged. Compared with the model group, corn stigma at each dose significantly reduced the levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, free fatty acids, AST, and ALT(P<0.05), suggesting that it restored hyperlipidemia-induced liver injury. As demonstrated by metabolomics study, the protective mechanism of corn stigma against liver injury might be achieved via multiple metabolic pathways in glucose metabolism. Conclusion: Corn stigma can effectively alleviate the liver injury induced by hyperlipidemia.