乌鲁木齐市中学生健康素养、抑郁症状与睡眠质量的关系研究

Study on relationship between health literacy,depressive symptoms and sleep quality among middle school students in Urumqi

目的了解乌鲁木齐市中学生健康素养、抑郁症状与睡眠之间的关系,为儿童青少年身心健康发展提供支持。方法 2019年4月采用方便抽样方法对乌鲁木齐3所中学782名中学生进行健康素养问卷、抑郁自评量表和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表的调查。结果调查的中学生健康素养总得分为106.51±20.03,睡眠障碍检出率为18.41%,抑郁症状检出率为20.97%。不同学段和自评家庭经济状况的中学生健康素养水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=12.845、16.513,均P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析显示,睡眠障碍是导致抑郁发生的独立危险因素。健康素养水平越低导致抑郁障碍的风险越大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。健康素养和睡眠障碍的交互作用对儿童青少年的抑郁症状存在影响,在睡眠质量相同的情况下健康素养水平越低,儿童青少年的抑郁症状发生的风险越大,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论乌鲁木齐市儿童青少年健康素养水平的提高能够降低抑郁症状的发生。

Objective To understand the relationship between health literacy,depressive symptoms and sleep among middle school students in Urumqi,provide support for children’s and adolescents’ physical and mental health development. Methods Using convenience sampling method,782 students from three middle schools in Urumqi were surveyed by literacy questionnaire,depression self-rating scale and Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale in April 2019. Results The total score of health literacy in investigated middle school students was 106.51±20.03,the detection rate of sleep disorders was 18.41%,and the detection rate of depressive symptoms was 20.97%. There were statistically significant differences in levels of health literacy among middle school students in different school sections and self-assessed family economic status(χ^(2)=12.845,16.513,both P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that sleep disorders were independent risk factors for depression. The lower the level of health literacy,the greater the risk of depressive disorder,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01). The interaction between health literacy and sleep disorders had an effect on depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. In the case of the same quality of sleep,the lower the level of health literacy,the greater the risk of depressive symptoms in children and adolescents,and the differences were statistically significan t(all P<0.01). Conclusion The improvement of the health literacy level of children and adolescents in Urumqi can reduce the occurrence of depressive symptoms.