我国医护人员心理压力的可视化分析

Visual analysis of psychological stress of medical workers in China

目的对中国知网(CNKI)医护人员心理压力文献进行可视化分析,为减轻医护人员心理压力提供参考。方法以2000-2020年CNKI数据库中所有关于医护人员心理健康的文献为数据来源,借助文献计量分析软件CiteSpace,分析该领域研究主题以及研究热点。结果国内医护人员心理压力研究起步较晚,但发展迅速,从2000年发文量为2篇,增长至2012年的365篇,2017-2019年年均发文量为183篇。各机构呈散发研究状态,中心性均为0。研究机构中,广东省医院协会和山东大学护理学院发表文献最多,分别为12和10篇。研究范围较集中,研究关键词集中在心理资本、心理压力、新型冠状病毒肺炎,关注不同临床科室的心理压力状况、压力源和应对措施以及突发公共卫生事件对医护人员心理的影响。结论国家应重视医护人员的心理压力疏导,完善现代医院管理模式,构建在职医护人员心理服务体系,借鉴国外的经验,建立符合我国卫生事业实际的医护人员心理健康测评体系和保障机制。

Objective To take a visual analysis on the literature about mental stress of medical staff in CNKI Database,provide reference for relieving mental stress of medical staff. Methods All the literature on mental health of medical staff from 2000 to2020 in CNKI Database were used as the data source,and bibliometric analysis software CiteSpace was used to analyze the research topics and research hotspots in this field. Results The research on mental stress of medical staff in China started late but developed rapidly. The number of papers published increased from 2 in 2000 to 365 in 2012,and the average annual number of papers published from 2017-2019 was 183. The institutions were in a state of sporadic research,with the centrality of 0. Among the research institutions,Guangdong Hospital Association and School of Nursing of Shandong University published the most literature,with 12 and 10 respectively. The research scope was concentrated,and the key words focused on psychological capital,psychological stress,and Coronavirus Disease 2019,paid attention to the mental stress situation,stressors and countermeasures in different departments,as well as the impact of public health emergencies on the mental health of medical staff. Conclusion The state should pay attention to the mental stress relief of medical staff,improve the modern hospital management model,build a mental service system for the medical staff,and establish a mental health assessment system and guarantee mechanism for medical staff in line with the reality of China’s health industry by drawing on the experience of foreign countries.