狄百瑞“儒家个人主义”视域下的李贽思想研究

On Li Zhi’s Thought from Perspectives of William Theodore de Bary’s“Confucian Individualism”

狄百瑞以“消极的个人主义”与“积极的个人主义”为视角,深入探究了李贽思想的学术价值。从他的论述可见,李贽的“消极个人主义”实质上是一种“外在的消极的个人主义”与“内在的积极的个人主义”相统一的个人主义。这种个人主义和何心隐基于“《大学》范式”、家庭本位的“积极的个人主义”一样,都属于不同于西方个人主义的“儒家个人主义”。批判继承及创造性发展“儒家个人主义”,对于创新李贽哲学研究,进而探索中国传统文化的世界化、现代化具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。

From the perspective of“negative individualism”and“positive individualism”,William Theodore de Bary(1919-2017)delved into the academic value of Li Zhi’s(1527-1602)thought.It can be seen from his argument that Li Zhi’s“negative individualism”is essentially an individualism that unites“external negative individualism”and“internal positive individualism”.This kind of individualism is the same as He Xinyin’s(1517-1579)“active individualism”which was based on the Great Learning’s paradigm and family as the unit.Both of them belong to“Confucian individualism”that is different from Western individualism.Critical inheritance and creative development of“Confucian individualism”have important theoretical value and practical significance for the innovation of research on Li Zhi’s philosophy and the exploration of the globalization and modernization of Chinese traditional culture.