基于微流控技术构建仿生骨芯片的研究进展

Research progress of biomimetic bone chip based on microfluidic technology

骨是由多种细胞和细胞外基质组成的具有多种功能的动态组织,也是机体在运动中维持机械稳定、平衡力量分布和保护器官的关键组成部分。因此,在体外建立骨组织模型是具有重要意义又极具挑战性的。基于微流控技术在细胞三维共培养上的发展,以及可以模拟体内微环境,精确控制流体和机械力的特点,研究人员根据骨组织的生理学和病理学特征,实现了血管化骨组织芯片、骨髓芯片、癌症骨转移芯片和骨细胞机械转导芯片的建立。该文对骨生理结构及骨相关疾病进行了概述,着眼于微流控技术在骨模型构建中的优势及其应用,为进一步建立更加完善的仿生骨芯片提供参考和依据。

Bone is a dynamic tissue with multiple functions composed of a variety of cells and extracellular matrix.It is a key component for the body to maintain mechanical stability,equilibrium force distribution and protect organs during exercise.Therefore,it is of great significance and challenge to establish bone tissue model in vitro.Based on the development of microfluidic technology in the three-dimensional co-cultivation of cells,as well as the ability to simulate the microenvironment in the body and precisely control the characteristics of fluid and mechanical forces,researchers based on the physiological and pathological characteristics of bone tissue,realized the establishment of vascularized bone tissue chip,bone marrow chip,cancer bone metastasis chip and bone cell mechanical transduction chip.This article outlines the physiological structure of bone and related diseases,focusing on the advantages and applications of microfluidic technology in the construction of bone model,so as to provide reference and basis for the further establishment of a more perfect biomimetic bone chip.