近红外荧光纳米探针追踪移植干细胞的最新进展

Recent progress on tracing transplanted stem cells with near-infrared fluorescent nanoprobes

干细胞再生医学在治疗各种疑难杂症方面展现出了巨大潜力,备受临床和科研人员关注。要提高干细胞疗法的安全性和治疗效果,深入了解移植后干细胞分化和再生能力至关重要,这也加速了干细胞的基础研究向临床应用的转化。其中,荧光纳米颗粒(fluorescent nanoparticles,NPs)广泛应用于对移植体内干细胞的追踪,通过降低近红外(near-infrared,NIR,700~1700 nm)荧光的吸收、散射和自发荧光,极大地提升了对干细胞追踪的灵敏度、组织穿透深度和时空分辨率。文中结合近年来有关使用NIR NPs追踪移植干细胞的研究,阐述了近红外第二窗口(NIR-II,1000~1700 nm)中荧光成像的最新进展,讨论并展望了基于NIR NPs技术的挑战和未来前景。

Stem cells transplantation-based regenerative medicine has shown great potential in the treatment of a variety of miscellaneous diseases,attracting much attention from clinical and scientific researchers.Understanding the fate and regenerative capacity of transplanted stem cells is critical to improve the safety and efficacy of stem cell-based therapies,and to accelerate the transformation of stem cells into clinical applications.In the clinical diagnosis and treatment process,fluorescent nanoparticles(NPS)are widely used in the tracking of stem cells in vivo.NPs,by decreasing the absorption,scattering and autofluorescence of near-infrared(NIR,700~1700 nm)fluorescence,have greatly improved the sensitivity of stem cell tracking,tissue penetration depth and spatial and temporal resolution.Here,this review summarized the latest progress on the application of NIR NPs to track transplanted stem cells,especially the recent advances in fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared window(NIR-II,1000~1700 nm).In addition,the challenges and future prospects of NIR NPs-based technology are discussed.