数字经济渗透对全球价值链分工地位的影响——基于行业异质性的跨国经验研究

The Impact of Digital Economy Penetration on Global Value Chain Position——Transnational Empirical Research Based on Industrial Heterogeneity

本文基于国家层面对数字经济不同维度的测度和"行业数字强度"的区分,构建了行业层面的数字经济渗透指标,以更好地识别数字经济渗透到不同行业的差异,重点考察数字经济渗透对全球价值链分工地位的影响机制与作用效果。研究表明,数字经济发展不同维度显著提高了全球价值链分工地位,并以数字基础设施的影响最为显著。就机制而言,数字经济渗透通过贸易成本降低与人力资本结构升级驱动全球价值链分工地位向高端攀升。细分制造业与服务业的行业异质性显示,数字经济渗透对中低技术制造业与信息通讯服务业全球价值链分工地位提升的影响最为显著。此外,本文进一步分析了关税和服务贸易壁垒对行业数字经济渗透影响全球价值链分工地位的调节作用。最后从识别数字经济渗透行业差异等方面提出了较有针对性的政策建议。

Based on the measurement of different dimensions of digital economy at the national level and the distinction of "digital intensity of industry ", this paper constructs the digital economy penetration index to better identify the differentiated impact of the digital economy penetration on different industries,and focuses on the impacting mechanism and effect of digital economy penetration on the position of Global Value Chain.The study shows that the different dimensions of digital economy penetration significantly improve the position of GVC, and the impact of digital infrastructure is the most significant. For mechanism,digital economy penetration drives GVC to the higher position via reducing trade cost and upgrading human capital structure. The study of industry heterogeneity of the manufacturing and service segmentation finds that digital economy penetration has the most significant impact on the GVC position of the medium-low technology manufacturing industry and ICT services. In addition,this paper further studies the moderating role of tariffs and service trade barriers in impacting the GVC position by digital economy penetration. Finally,it provides some policy recommendations to enhance China’s GVC position from recognizing industrial differences of digital economy penetration.