惠州市建成区湿地资源动态变化及驱动因素分析

Analysis on Dynamic Changes and Driving Factors of Wetland Resources in the Built-up Area of Huizhou City

广东惠州市作为粤港澳大湾区世界城市群建设的重要生态屏障,在维护湾区生态安全方面具有重要意义。为了加强惠州市建成区湿地资源的有效监管,以Landsat系列卫星遥感影像为主要数据源,结合野外实地调查,利用“3S”技术,对建成区2018~2020年间的湿地资源变化进行了研究,进一步探讨了湿地资源变化的主要驱动因素,为加强湿地资源的监管提供科学依据。结果表明:①建成区湿地资源丰富,由自然湿地和人工湿地组成,共有4类13型;②2018~2020年,建成区湿地资源呈衰退趋势,湿地面积由2018年的22381.22 hm^(2),下降至2020年的21322.53 hm^(2),自然因素(气温、降水量)和人为因素(用水需求量、政策调控等)是驱动湿地资源变化的重要因素。为进一步推进建成区湿地资源保护与利用的可持续发展,提出了建议:制定湿地保护规划、建立健全的湿地保护补偿和损失赔偿机制,同时加强宣传,提升人们的保护意识。

Huizhou City is an important ecological barrier for the construction of the global urban agglomeration in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(GBA),which is of great significance in maintaining the ecological security of the GBA.In order to strengthen the effective supervision of wetland resources in built-up areas of Huizhou city,Landsat series of satellite remote sensing images was used as the main data source.Combined with field surveys,"3S"technology was used to study the changes in wetland resources in the built-up areas from^(2)018 to 2020.And the main driving factors of wetland resource changes was further explored,which provides a scientific basis for strengthening the supervision of wetland resources.The results showed that:①wetland resources in the built-up area are rich,consisting of natural wetlands and constructed wetlands,with 4 order and 13 types;②the wetland resources in the built-up area are declining from^(2)018 to 2020,and the wetland area was 22381.22hm^(2) in 2018.,21322.53 hm^(2) in 2020.Natural factors(temperature and precipitation)and human factors(water demand,policy regulation,etc.)are important factors which drive changes in wetland resources.③in order to further promote the sustainable development of the protection and utilization of wetland resources in built-up areas,it was recommended to formulate a wetland protection plan,establish a sound wetland protection compensation and loss compensation mechanism,and strengthen publicity to enhance people’s awareness of protection.