机械旱直播对水稻生育进程、光合特性及产量的影响

Effects of Mechanical Direct Dry Seeding on Rice Growth, Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield

探讨2种种植方式对水稻生育进程、光合特性及产量的影响,为辽宁省水稻直播栽培提供技术指导。以辽宁省中早熟水稻品种辽星21、旱稻品种旱403和旱9710为试验材料,采用移栽和直播2种种植方式,对水稻生育进程、茎蘖动态、光合特性和产量进行比较分析。结果表明,2种种植方式下,不同品种水稻产量均表现为移栽高于直播,辽星21直播种植产量高于移栽种植的旱403和旱9710;与移栽种植相比,直播种植水稻株高降低,水稻主茎叶片减少约2片,剑叶和倒二叶的净光合速率(Pn)下降,单位面积茎蘖数增加。水稻直播种植宜以主茎成穗为主,优化群体结构,提高光合特性,进而实现产量的增加。

Understanding the effects of the two planting methods on rice growth, photosynthetic characteristics and yield could provide the guidance for direct seeding of rice in Liaoning province. Two planting methods were used in this study, transplanting and direct seeding, to compare and analyze the growth, tiller number, photosynthetic characteristics and yield of rice. Early and medium maturing variety Liaoxing 21, upland rice varieties Han 403 and Han 9710 in Liaoning province were used. The results showed that the yield of different varieties of rice was higher in case of transplanting compared to direct seeding planting. Whereas, the yield of direct seeding of Liaoxing 21 was higher compared to Han 403 and Han 9710 in transplanting method. Compared with transplanting, the plant height, number of leaf and net photosynthetic rate decreased in direct seeding rice. The main stem panicle should the main for the direct seeding, which could optimize the population structure and improve the photosynthetic characteristics, and so as to improve rice yield.