施氮量和播种量对大麦[2011(07)814]鲜叶产量和品质的影响

Effects of Nitrogen and Sowing Rate on Yield and Quality of Fresh Leaves in Barley [2011(07)814]

为了探究施氮量和播种量对新选育大麦[2011(07)814]鲜叶产量和品质的影响,采用二因素4水平裂区试验设计,研究4个施氮量(N1:150kg/hm^(2),N2:180kg/hm^(2),N3:210kg/hm^(2),N4:240kg/hm^(2))和4个播种量(S1:375万粒/hm^(2),S2:450万粒/hm^(2),S3:525万粒/hm^(2),S4:600万粒/hm^(2))对大麦孕穗期鲜叶产量、叶绿素含量(SPAD值)、旗叶面积、蛋白质和微量元素含量的影响。结果表明,施氮量、播种量及二者的互作效应对大麦孕穗期鲜叶产量、SPAD值、旗叶面积、蛋白质和微量元素含量的影响均达到显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)水平;随施氮量和播种量的增加,大麦孕穗期鲜叶产量、旗叶面积、SPAD值、蛋白质和微量元素含量均呈先增加后降低的趋势,在N2S3或N3S2处理组合下达到峰值;N2S3处理组合鲜叶产量、SPAD值、旗叶面积和蛋白质含量较N1S1处理组合分别提高了102.70%、16.09%、86.39%和33.31%,N2S3处理组合Fe(295mg/kg)、Mn(76.59mg/kg)、Cu(8.10mg/kg)、Zn(30.94mg/kg)元素含量显著高于其他处理组合。因此,在甘肃省河西地区种植大麦[2011(07)814]获取鲜叶时,根据土壤肥力情况建议一次性施氮量180~210kg/hm^(2)以及播种量450万~525万粒/hm^(2),不仅能增加大麦鲜叶产量、SPAD值和旗叶面积,而且有利于提高鲜叶蛋白质和微量元素含量。

To investigate the effects of nitrogen and sowing rate on the yield and quality of fresh leaves of newly selected barley [2011(07)814], a two-factor four-level split-plot experiment design was adopted to study four nitrogen application rates(N1: 150 kg/ha, N2: 180 kg/ha, N3: 210 kg/ha, N4: 240 kg/ha) and four sowing rates(S1: 3.75 million seeds/ha, S2: 4.50 million seeds/ha, S3: 5.25 million seeds/ha, S4: 6.00 million seeds/ha) were used in this study. The results showed that the effects of nitrogen, sowing rate, and their interactions on fresh leaves biomass, chlorophyll content(SPAD value), flag leaf area, protein content, and trace element contents of barley fresh leaves at booting stage were significant(P<0.05) or extremely significant(P<0.01). And these were firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen and the sowing rates, N2S3 or N3S2 treatment was the highest. Compared with N1 S1 treatment, the fresh leaves yield, SPAD value, flag leaf area, and protein content of fresh leaves of N2S3 treatment increased by 102.70%, 16.09%, 86.39%, and 33.31%, respectively. The contents of Fe(295 mg/kg), Mn(76.59 mg/kg), Cu(8.10 mg/kg), and Zn(30.94 mg/kg) under N2S3 treatment were significantly higher than other treatments. Therefore, when the one-time nitrogen rate was 180-210 kg/ha and the sowing rate was 4.50-5.25 million/ha in the Hexi area of Gansu, it could not only increase the yield, SPAD value, and flag leaf area of fresh barley leaves, but also increase the protein and trace element contents of fresh barley leaves.