区块链经济学的形成与展望

Development and Outlook of Blockchain Economics

数字经济是中国经济的重要发展方向之一,而区块链是数字经济的基础技术之一。自2008年以来,区块链的技术取得了长足发展,并且在加密货币、金融、供应链管理、企业管理和公共管理等众多领域产生了广泛的应用前景。文章介绍了最近几年来关于区块链的经济学和金融学研究。首先,文章介绍了区块链的发展背景。其次,文章介绍了区块链的运行机制以及背后的经济学原理。再次,文章从博弈论、市场均衡、网络经济学、交易成本经济学、信息经济学和产业组织理论等多个角度,系统地梳理了关于区块链的经济学和金融学研究成果。最后,文章基于我国区块链产业的发展需求,提出区块链经济学的下一步发展,应该重点关注联盟链落地机制、参与方信息结构、主权货币实施方案以及区块链在医疗、公益、食品安全等行业的具体应用机制设计等问题。

Blockchain is one of the basic technologies of digital economy,which is an important direction in the development of China’s economy.Since 2008,blockchain technology has made great progress and has emerged in various fields such as crypto currency,finance,supply chain management,enterprise management,and public management.In this article,we review the directions and results of the economics and finance research on blockchain in recent years.We start by introducing the development background of blockchain.Then,we briefly introduce the operating mechanism of the blockchain technology and discuss the economic principles behind it.After that,we systematically sort out the economics and finance research results on blockchain from different perspectives,such as game theory,market equilibrium,network economics,transaction cost economicss,information economics,and industrial organization theory.Finally,based on the development needs of blockchain industry of our country,we propose that the next development of blockchain economics should focus on the operating mechanism of the alliance blockchain,the information structure of the participants,and the specific application mechanism design of blockchain in medical,public welfare,food safety and other industries.