Orem自护理论护理对精神分裂症患者精神症状及日常生活能力的影响

Effect of Orem self-care theory nursing on psychiatric symptoms and ability of daily living in schizophrenia patients

目的探讨Orem自护理论护理在精神分裂症患者的应用效果。方法选取2019年2月至2021年2月九江市第五人民医院收治的88例精神分裂症患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组(44例)和观察组(44例)。两组均采取抗精神病药物治疗。对照组采取常规护理,观察组实施Orem自护理论护理,两组干预时间均为4周。比较两组干预前和干预4周时的精神症状[精神病评定量表(BPRS)]、日常生活能力[日常生活活动量表(ADL)]和自我护理能力[自我护理能力测定量表(ESCA)]评分。结果观察组干预后的BPRS评分中兴奋、焦虑抑郁、思维障碍、迟滞、敌对猜疑等维度评分为(4.63±0.25)、(5.09±1.28)、(10.02±1.98)、(3.90±0.58)、(9.63±1.39)分,低于对照组的(5.26±0.34)、(6.97±1.30)、(12.05±2.13)、(5.01±0.63)、(12.07±1.46)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组干预后的ADL、ESCA评分为(80.67±6.04)、(106.87±6.54)分,高于对照组的(70.59±5.21)、(95.74±7.25)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论Orem自护理论护理能缓解精神分裂症患者精神症状,提高患者日常生活能力及自我护理能力,促进患者早日康复。

Objective To explore the application effect of Orem self-care theory nursing in schizophrenia patients.Methods A total of 88 schizophrenia patients admitted to Jiujiang Fifth People′s Hospital from February 2019 to February 2021 were selected as subjects.They were divided into the control group(44 patients)and the observation group(44 patients)using random number table method.Both groups were treated with antipsychotic drugs.The control group was given conventional nursing,and the observation group was given Orem self-care theory nursing.The intervention time was 4 weeks.The scores of psychiatric symptoms(brief psychiatric rating scale[BPRS]),ability of daily living(activity of daily living scale[ADL])and self-care ability(exercise of self-care agency scale[ESCA])were compared between the two groups before and at 4 weeks after intervention.Results The BPRS scores in terms of excitement,anxiety,depression,thinking disorder,retardation,and hostility suspicion in the observation group were(4.63±0.25),(5.09±1.28),(10.02±1.98),(3.90±0.58),and(9.63±1.39)points,which were lower than those in the control group of(5.26±0.34),(6.97±1.30),(12.05±2.13),(5.01±0.63),and(12.07±1.46)points,with statistical differences(P<0.05).The ADL and ESCA scores after intervention in the observation group were(80.67±6.04)and(106.87±6.54)points,which were higher than those in the control group of(70.59±5.21)and(95.74±7.25)points,with statistical differences(P<0.05).Conclusion Orem self-care theory nursing can alleviate the psychiatric symptoms,improve the patients′ability of daily living and self-care,and promote the fast recovery in schizophrenia patients.