混播草种在植被混凝土上群落构建技术应用研究

Research on the application of community construction technology of mixed grass species on vegetation concrete

为了探究在湖北省荆州市生态护坡中采用冷、暖季草种混播的可行性,找出一种能够提高植被混凝土草坪整体抗逆性和使用寿命的冷暖草种搭配方案,为荆江大堤的生态固防提供便捷的技术支持,将冷季型草种公园早熟禾(Poa annua‘Park’)、正义高羊茅(Festuca elata‘Justice’)和暖季型草种普通未脱壳狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon)、日本结缕草(Zoysia japonica)按50%+50%比例混播在植被混凝土上,其中同季型的2种草种间又按0+50%、12.5%+37.5%、25%+25%、37.5%+12.5%、50%+0设置5个梯度水平。通过对这4种草种在植被混凝土上的相对位置观测比较,从而推导出各不同草种在植被混凝土上的空间分布格局。观测各草种的相对多度、相对盖度并分析其与混播比例的相关性和差异性,据此选出混播的最优组合。结果表明,这4种草在植被混凝土上均为聚集分布,且高羊茅为优势种。结合各混播模式综合评价和实际播种情况以及日本结缕草的不适表现,选定最佳配比组合为高羊茅∶狗牙根∶早熟禾=4∶3.5∶2.5。

In order to explore the feasibility of mixed planting of cold and warm season grasses in the ecological slope protection of Jingzhou City,Hubei Province,find a combination scheme of cold and warm grasses that can improve the overall stress resistance and service life of vegetation concrete lawns,and provide convenient technical support for the ecological protection of Jingjiang Embankment,the cold-season grass species of Poa annua‘Park’and Festuca elata‘Justice’and the warm-season grass species of Cynodon dactylon and Zoysia japonica were mixed on vegetation concrete at the ratio of 50%+50%,among which the two species of grass of the same season were planted at five gradient levels,i.e.,0+50%,12.5%+37.5%,25%+25%,37.5%+12.5%and 50%+0.By observing and comparing the relative positions of these 4 grass species on the vegetation concrete,the spatial distribution pattern of different grass species on the vegetation concrete was deduced.By observing the abundance and coverage of each grass species and analyzing its correlation and difference with the mixed broadcast ratio,and the optimal combination of mixed broadcast was selected.The results show that these four grasses are all clustered and distributed on the vegetation concrete,and Festuca elata is the dominant species.Combining with the comprehensive evaluation ofvarious mixed sowing modes,the actual sowing situation as well as the discomfort performance of Zoysia japonica,the optimal ratio combination is selected as Festuca elata∶Cynodon dactylon∶Poa annua=4∶3.5∶2.5.