重楼皂苷抗肿瘤及调节肿瘤免疫微环境研究进展

Advances in anti-tumor effects of paris saponins

重楼是清热解毒的传统中药,临床广泛运用于抗肿瘤、抗菌、止血等领域,重楼皂苷是重楼最主要的抗肿瘤活性成分。目前重楼皂苷的抗肿瘤效果缺乏系统总结,现从中医对肿瘤病因病机认识入手,综合重楼皂苷抗肿瘤作用机制的现代医学研究,阐述了重楼皂苷通过内质网应激、线粒体途径诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡和细胞周期阻滞起到直接抗肿瘤作用。此外,进一步归纳重楼皂苷在调节肿瘤免疫微环境等方面发挥抗肿瘤和免疫调节功能的机制,包括提高免疫细胞反应性、调节细胞因子和肿瘤血管生成相关黏附分子的表达以及抑制细胞外基质降解等,从中医角度对肿瘤微环境抑制机制进行解读,以期为该中药单体的基础研究和临床应用提供更多参考。

Paris polyphylla is a kind of heat clearing and detoxifying medicine and this kind of traditional Chinese medicine is widely used in anti-cancer,anti-bacterial,hemostasis and other fields.Polyphyllins are the main anti-tumor active components of Paris polyphylla.At present,the anti-tumor effect of polyphyllins is lack of systematic summary.This article starts with the understanding of tumor etiology and pathogenesis in traditional Chinese medicine,and integrates the modern medical research on the anti-tumor mechanism of polyphyllins.It expounds that polyphyllin plays a direct anti-tumor role through endoplasmic reticulum stress,apoptosis induced by mitochondrial pathway and cell cycle arrest.In addition,the mechanism of polyphyllin in regulating tumor immune microenvironment was further summarized,including improving immune cell reactivity,regulating the expression of cytokines and tumor angiogenesis related adhesion molecules,and inhibiting the degradation of extracellular matrix.The inhibition mechanism of tumor microenvironment was interpreted from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine,in order to provide more reference for the basic research and clinical application of the traditional Chinese medicine monomer.