几种金花茶的引种栽培适应性研究

Adaptability study on introduction and cultivation of eight kinds of Camellia nitidissimaChi

对引种的8种金花茶生长性状、抗逆性等适应性指标进行分析与评价。结果表明:不同金花茶对光照强度的适应性有差异,黄樽金花茶和凹脉金花茶在3针遮阳网下年均高生长量最大,防城金花茶在2针遮阳网下高生长量最大;不同引种金花茶的年均高生长量呈显著差异,其中防城金花茶的年均高生长量最高(27.3cm),四季金花茶的年均高生长量最低(13.5cm);黄樽金花茶、防城金花茶抗病虫害较强,凹脉金花茶抗病虫害相对较弱;防城金花茶、黄樽金花茶、东兴金花茶抗寒性较强,重瓣金花茶、无名金花茶、显脉金花茶抗寒性较弱。综合评价分析结果表明,黄樽金花茶、防城金花茶、东兴金花茶和凹脉金花茶的引种适应性相对较好,适宜在福建闽北部分地区推广种植。

8 introduced species of Camellia nitidissima were analyzed for their adaptabilities in terms of growth traits,resistance and decorativeness.Different species of C.nitidissima presented varied adaptability to light intensity.C.chrysanthoides‘huangzun’and C.cucphuongensis obtained the largest annual height increment with 3-needle shade net,in contrast to C.nitidissima which gained the optimal height increment under 2-needle shade net.The annual height increment was significantly different among the 8 introduced C.nitidissima species,with the highest(27.3cm)on C.nitidissima and C.the lowest(13.5cm)on C.ptilosperma.C.chrysanthoides‘huangzun’and C.nitidissima was found strongly resistant to diseases and pests,but C.cucphuongensis showed a weaker resistance.C.nitidissima,C.chrysanthoides‘huangzun’and C.tunghinensis presented a strong cold resistance,while C.chongban,C.innominata and C.impressinervis demonstrated a weaker cold resistance.Through comprehensive evaluation and analysis,the results suggest that C.chrysanthoides‘huangzun’,C.nitidissima,C.tunghinensis and C.cucphuongensis have a strong adaptability and are suitable for plantation in some areas of northern Fujian province.