贵州春玉米茎秆性状与气象因子的关系

Relationship between Stem Characters and Meteorological Factors of Spring Maize in Guizhou

在贵州5个玉米亚区以先玉1171、新中玉801、金玉838和兴玉3号4个玉米品种为试材,通过灰色关联度、相关性分析等方法研究主要气象因子与玉米茎秆性状的关系,进一步研究贵州春玉米茎秆性状的主要气象因子对其的影响程度,为贵州耐密抗倒春玉米布局及高产栽培调控提供科学依据。结果表明,有效积温对压折强度和纤维素的含量影响最大,日照时数对节间长度和扁率的影响最大,日均温和降水量分别对穿刺强度和横截面积的影响最大,日平均风速对茎秆特性指标的影响均最小。温度和降水量对茎秆力学特性和纤维组织成分影响较大,茎秆的形态特性受光照影响较多。气象因子对玉米茎秆特性的影响为有效积温>日均温>降水量>日照时数>日平均风速,其中影响贵州不同生态亚区茎秆特性的主要气象因子为温度和降水量。

Stalk traits of maize significantly affect the density and lodging resistance of maize. The main meteorological factors affecting the stalk traits of Guizhou spring maize and their degree of influence have been explored to provide a scientific basis for the layout of the density-tolerant and lodging-resistant spring maize in Guizhou and the regulation of high-yield cultivation. Four corn varieties Xianyu1171, Xinzhongyu801, Jinyu838 and Xingyu No.3 were used as test materials in 5 corn sub-regions in Guizhou, and the main meteorological factors and corn stalk traits were studied through gray correlation and correlation analysis. Relationship. The results show that the effective accumulated temperature has the greatest influence on the buckling strength and cellulose content;the sunshine duration has the greatest influence on the internode length and flatness;the daily average temperature and precipitation have the greatest influence on the puncture strength and cross-sectional area respectively;the daily average the wind speed has the smallest influence on the stalk characteristics. Temperature and precipitation have a greater impact on the mechanical properties and fiber composition of the stalk, while the morphological characteristics of the stalk are more affected by light. The influence of meteorological factors on the characteristics of corn stalk is effective accumulated temperature>daily average temperature>precipitation>sunshine hours>daily average wind speed. The main meteorological factors affecting the characteristics of stalks in different ecological sub-regions of Guizhou are temperature and precipitation.