具核梭杆菌与结直肠癌关系的研究进展

Research progress in the relationship between Fusobacterium nucleatum and colorectal cancer

具核梭杆菌(Fusbacterium nucleatum,Fn)是一种革兰阴性厌氧菌,也是人体微生物群成员之一。近年的研究结果表明,Fn载量的增加与结直肠癌的发展与预后密切相关。Fn通过多种机制在调控机体免疫应答、表观遗传及宿主代谢等多个方面促进结直肠癌的发生发展,并能够增强肿瘤细胞对药物的抗性。靶向Fn的新型疗法为预防和治疗结直肠癌等Fn相关疾病提供了新思路,其中噬菌体疗法凭借其精准且安全性好等特性,在Fn相关疾病治疗策略中具备广阔应用前景。此文综述了Fn与结直肠癌相关的致病机制及对治疗和预后的影响,并对噬菌体疗法等多种靶向Fn的新型治疗方法进行了展望。

Fusbacterium nucleatum(Fn)is a gram-negative anaerobe and a member of the human microbiota.In recent years,a large number of researches show that the increase of Fn quantity is closely related to the development and prognosis of colorectal cancer.Fn promotes the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer and enhances the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapies through a variety of mechanisms,from aspects such as modulating the body immune response,epigenetic inheritance and metabolic activities of the host.Novel therapies targeting Fn provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of Fn-related diseases,especially colorectal cancer.Among them,phage therapy has broad application prospects based on its accuracy and high safety.This article reviews the role of Fn in carcinogenic mechanisms of colorectal cancer and its impact on colorectal cancer treatment and prognosis,further explores the prospects for novel therapeutic strategies targeting Fn such as phage therapy.