葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶在肿瘤中作用的研究进展

Research Progresses on the Role of Glucose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase in Tumors

肿瘤的发生是一个复杂的动态过程,能量及代谢的改变是肿瘤的基本特征之一。代谢的重新编程满足了肿瘤细胞快速增殖的能量及生物合成需求。以葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PD)为限速酶的磷酸戊糖途径(PPP)是葡萄糖代谢的重要分支之一,并在肿瘤的核苷酸、脂质等生物的合成及维持氧化还原的动态平衡中起着至关重要的作用,但对G6PD在肿瘤中作用的总结和认识还有待进一步加强。本文通过总结肿瘤中G6PD主要参与的代谢改变及与G6PD表达、活性相关的信号通路的研究成果,发现靶向G6PD不仅可以抑制肿瘤细胞的快速发展,还能增强肿瘤对其他化疗药物及放疗的敏感性。

Tumorigenesis is a dynamic and complex progress.The change in energy and metabolism is one of the basic characteristics of the tumor.Metabolic reprogramming meets the needs of energy and biosynthesis of rapidly proliferated tumor cells.The pentose phosphate pathway(PPP)with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G6PD)as the rate-limiting enzyme is an important branch of glucose metabolism,and play a vital role in the synthesis of nucleotides,lipids,and other biomolecules and the maintenance of redox homeostasis.However,our understanding of the role of G6PD in tumors needs to be further strengthened.We reviewed the metabolic changes and signal pathways associated with the expression and activity of G6PD in tumors,and found that targeting G6PD could not only inhibit the rapid development of tumor but also could enhance the sensitivity of tumors to other chemotherapeutics and radiotherapy.