昆明市主城区城市扩张遥感动态监测

Dynamic Monitoring of Urban Sprawl by Remote Sensing in Main Urban Area of Kunming

城市扩张是城市化的重要特征,是城市发展的必经之路.以昆明市主城区(西山区、五华区、盘龙区、官渡区、呈贡区)为研究对象,应用监督分类,遥感信息提取等方法对比了该区1995年、2010年、2018年3个时期的Landsat影像,分析了昆明市主城区城市空间扩张面积、速度及方向.结果表明:昆明市主城区在1995~2018年间城市用地面积扩张了24 262.39 ha;1995~2010年间其扩张强度为6.46%,2011~2018年扩张强度为3.86;扩张最为明显的是官渡区和呈贡区;昆明市主城区建设用地主要分布在海拔1 700~2 200 m、坡度0~30度地区内;而经济、人口及政府规划均影响着城市扩张,是昆明市主城区城市扩张的驱动力.

Urban expansion is an important characteristic of urbanization and the only way of urban development. Taking the main urban area of Kunming(Xishan District, Wuhua District, Panlong District, Guandu District and Chenggong District) as the research object, the Landsat images of 1995, 2010 and 2018 were compared by using supervised classification and remote sensing information extraction methods;the area, speed and direction of urban space expansion in the main urban area of Kunming were analyzed. The results indicated that: the urban land area of Kunming main urban area was expanded by 242 62.39 hectare from 1995 to 2018;from 1995 to 2010, the urban expansion intensity of Kunming main urban area was 6.46%, and from 2010 to 2018,the urban expansion intensity was 3.86%;the main urban areas of Kunming saw most obvious expansion in Guandu District and Chenggong District.;the construction land in the main urban area of Kunming was mainly distributed in the areas with an altitude of 1 700-2 200 m and a slope of 0~30 degrees;the economy, population and government planning all influence urban expansion,which was the driving force of urban expansion in the main urban area of Kunming.