抗血管生成药物联合免疫检查点抑制剂在肺癌治疗中的应用及研究进展

Application and Research Progress of Anti-angiogenic Drugs Combined with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors to the Treatment of Lung Cancer

抗血管生成疗法和免疫检查点抑制剂(Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors,ICI)在肺癌的治疗中都发挥着至关重要的作用。抗血管生成治疗不但可使肿瘤血管"正常化",增强肿瘤组织的含氧量,抑制肿瘤毛细血管生成,使肿瘤细胞达到休眠状态并诱导其凋亡,还可逆转录血管内皮生长因子(Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor,VEGF)导致的免疫抑制,进而增强机体免疫功能。免疫细胞会产生抑制自身的蛋白,肿瘤细胞利用该机制抑制免疫细胞,实现免疫逃逸;ICI类药物,可解除这种抑制作用,重建机体的免疫功能,重塑肿瘤微环境(Tumor Microenvironment,TME),提高机体免疫力,也可促进血管正常化。大量研究表明,抗血管生成药物联合免疫检查点抑制剂治疗具有良好的抗肺癌效果,并显示出了潜在的临床使用价值。

Both anti-angiogenic therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors play important roles in the treatment of lung cancer. Anti-angiogenic therapy can "normalize" tumor blood vessels, improve hypoxia, inhibit tumor capillary angiogenesis, make tumor cells reach a dormant state and induce their apoptosis, and also reverse transcriptional immunosuppression caused by Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, thus enhancing the immune function of the body. Immune cells will produce proteins that can suppress themselves, and tumor cells will use this mechanism to suppress immune cells and achieve immune escape. ICI drugs can remove this inhibitory effect, rebuild the immune function of the body, reshape the tumor microenvironment, improve the immunity of the body, and also promote the normalization of blood vessels. A large number of studies have shown that antiangiogenic drugs combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors have good anti-lung cancer effects and potential clinical values.