生殖细胞系建立的研究进展与应用

Research Progress and Application of Germ Cell Line Establishment

细胞系的建立是指特定类型的细胞可以在体外大量增殖和多次传代,并保持原有细胞主要生物学特征的一项技术。大多数研究发现,原代细胞在体外培养时易过早分化,但通过转入外源基因或添加特定营养因子可激活细胞周期运转,调控信号通路,实现细胞大量增殖和完成细胞系的建立。生殖细胞系主要是来源于卵巢和睾丸组织内的细胞,一直是细胞生物学、发育生物学和转基因动物等的研究热点,也是细胞建系最多的组织。该文将对细胞系建立的相关技术以及与生殖相关细胞系的建立进行综述,为促进细胞建系和生殖发育方面的研究和应用奠定基础。

Cell line establishment is a technology that specific types of cells can proliferate and passage for many times in vitro,and keep the main biological characteristics of the original cells.Most studies have found that primary cells are easy to differentiate prematurely in vitro.But cell cycle operation can be activated by transfecting exogenous genes or adding specific nutritional factors,and signal pathways can be regulated,to achieve the cells proliferation and establish cell lines.Germ cell lines are mainly derived from cells in ovarian and testicular tissues.They have always been the research hotspots in cell biology,developmental biology and transgenic animals.They are also the tissues with the most cell lines.In order to lay a foundation for the research and application of cell line establishment and reproductive development,this article will review the related technology of cell line establishment and the establishment of germ cell line related to reproduction.