橄榄苦苷对去势SD大鼠绝经后骨质疏松的治疗作用及机制

Effects and mechanism of oleuropein treatment on osteoporosis in SD rats with ovariectomy-induced

目的通过在雌性SD大鼠绝经后骨质疏松(PMOP)模型上服用橄榄油中提取的橄榄苦苷,通过监测动物骨密度变化、骨代谢指标及子宫系数,明确橄榄苦苷对去势SD大鼠绝经后骨质疏松的治疗作用及机制,为开发天然药物防治PMOP提供依据。方法将80只SD雌性大鼠随机分为4组假手术对照组(Sham组,20例),去势组(OVX组,20例),OVX+橄榄苦苷(OVX+oleuropein组,20例),OVX+雌激素(OVX+E_(2)组,20例)。OVX+oleuropein和OVX+E_(2)组除了分别每天以200μg橄榄苦苷和25μg/kg E_(2)灌胃,其他饮食起居与Sham组和OVX组保持一致,连续饲养12周。12周后,分别测量各组大鼠腰椎及左侧股骨颈骨密度、子宫湿重、子宫系数和四组血清中OPG/RANKL的含量。结果与OVX组相比较,OVX+oleuropein组明显增加腰椎及左侧股骨颈的骨密度(P<0.05),与OVX+E_(2)组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与Sham组相比较,OVX+E_(2)和OVX+oleuropein组中OPG水平减少,但明显高于OVX组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但后两组的OPG水平并无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与OVX组相比,OVX+oleuropein血清中RANKL明显降低(P<0.05)。OVX+oleuropein组与OVX+E_(2)组相比,血清中RANKL含量降低(P<0.05)。结论橄榄苦苷能通过提高骨密度防止骨质的流失,且不具有促进子宫内膜增生的雌激素作用,其机制可能通过调节OPG及RANKL水平防止骨的吸收达到防治骨质疏松症。

Objective:To take oleuropein extracted from olive oil in female SD rat PMOP model.By monitoring the changes of bone mineral density,bone metabolism index and uterine coefficient.To investigate the effect and mechanism of oleuropein on PMOP,to provide a basis for developing natural drugs to prevent PMOP.Methods:Eighty SD female rats were randomly divided into four groups:Sham group(n=20),OVX group(n=20),OVX+oleuropein(n=20),OVX+E_(2)(n=20).OVX+oleuropein and OVX+E_(2)group were fed with 200μg oleuropein and 25μg/kg E_(2)every day,and their diet and daily life were consistent with those of Sham group and OVX group.After 12 weeks,bone mineral density,wet weight of uterus,uterine coefficient and OPG/RANKL content in serum of four groups were measured.Results:Compared with the OVX group,the OVX+oleuropein group significantly increased the bone mineral density of the lumbar vertebra and the left femoral neck(P<0.05),and there was no difference compared with the OVX+E_(2)group(P>0.05).Compared with Sham group,OPG levels in OVX+E_(2)and OVX+oleuropein groups decreased,but were significantly higher than those in OVX group(P<0.05),but there was no difference in OPG levels between them(P>0.05).Meanwhile,compared with OVX group,RANKL levels in OVX+oleuropein decreased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with OVX+E_(2)group,serum RANKL content of OVX+oleuropein group was decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion:Oleuropein can not only prevent bone loss by increasing bone density,but also has no estrogen effect on promoting intimal hyperplasia.The mechanism may be achieved through the regulation of OPG and RANKL levels to prevent bone resorption to prevent and treat osteoporosis.