生产性服务业开放如何影响制造业GVC参与度:机理与实证

Opening Up of the Service Industry and Participation in the Manufacturing GVC

以理论分析为先导,并在测度制造业行业层面生产性服务业实际开放度基础上,计量检验了其对制造业GVC参与的影响。研究发现,第一,生产性服务业开放对制造业GVC参与度提升有积极促进作用,从而表现出"固链"作用;第二,生产性服务业开放度对制造业GVC不同参与方式具有异质性影响,具体而言,对前向参与度提升的促进作用要大于对后者的影响,从而表现出"强链"功能;第三,生产性服务业开放对制造业GVC参与的影响,从具体作用机制看,主要通过分工深化等作用。因此,面临国内国际环境的深刻变化,尤其是新形势下中国面临产业链外迁巨大压力以及制造业亟待迈向GVC中高端的战略目标,扩大生产性服务业开放作为新阶段中国扩大对外开放的重要战略举措,具有极为关键的意义。

This paper takes theoretical analysis as the forerunner,and measures its influence on the participation of manufacturing GVC on the basis of measuring the actual openness of the producer service industry at the manufacturing industry level.The study found that,firstly,the opening of the producer service industry has a positive effect on the increase of manufacturing GVC participation;second,the manufacturing GVC can be divided into forward participation and backward participation from the perspective of participation,and the producer service industry opening up has a heterogeneous impact on the two.Specifically,the promotion of forward participation is greater than the impact on the latter;third,the impact of the opening of the producer service industry on the participation of manufacturing GVCs,from the specific effect in terms of mechanism,it is mainly through the deepening of the division of labor.If the increase in manufacturing GVC participation is regarded as a"fixed chain"effect,and the increase in forward participation is regarded as a"strong chain"effect of the promotion of the status of the value chain division of labor,then the findings of the above research show that productive services industry opening not only has the function of"fixed chain",but also has the function of"strong chain".Therefore,in the face of profound changes in the domestic and international environment,especially in the new situation,China is facing tremendous pressure to relocate from the industrial chain and the manufacturing industry urgently needs to move towards the GVC mid-to-high-end strategic goal.Expanding the development of the service industry is important for China to expand its opening-up in the new stage.