智慧技术导向下的大城市内涝减缓方法研究

Research on Methods of Mitigating Waterlogging in Big Cities Based on Smart Technology

由于全球气候环境变化及快速城市化,我国各大城市洪涝灾害频发。为了降低大城市的洪涝灾害和发生概率,将智慧技术与大城市防涝减灾相结合对强降雨全过程进行控制,并提出依托大数据和物联网技术进行精准化气象预测和预警。同时利用智慧技术控制雨水排水口、雨水管网、河流、排水泵站、水闸等排水系统,进行智慧化的应急救援和城市管理,实现强降雨时期快速排水及人员疏散管理,从不同层面降低城市洪涝灾害发生概率及灾害影响。

The floods and waterlogging disasters frequently occur in major cities in China owing to the global climate and environmental changes as well as the rapid urbanization.In order to reduce the risk and the probability of flood disasters in big cities,the smart technology is combined with flood prevention and mitigation in big cities to control the entire process of heavy rainfall.Accordingly,it is proposed to rely on big data and Internet of things technology to carry out precise weather forecasting and early warning.At the same time,the smart technology is used to control drainage systems such as rainwater outlets,rainwater pipe networks,rivers,drainage pumping stations,sluices,etc.And it also helps the intelligent emergency rescue and the city management.As a result,the goal of the rapid drainage and personnel evacuation management during periods of heavy rainfall can be realized and the probability and impact of urban flood disasters can be reduced at different levels.