管理的缘起与维度——从分工失序视角看管理的产生与本质

Origin and Dimension of Management--Origin and Essence of Management from the Perspective of Disorder of Division of Labor

本文从分工理论角度探讨管理是如何产生的,管理的本质是什么。通过分析分工必然会产生失序与混乱,提出管理是企业组织内分工失序代偿的观点。并在这一新视角下,根据企业组织失序产生的源点,提出管理的信息、认知、激励三维度模型。再以管理三维度模型为工具,探索性讨论管理研究的场域、管理成本构成、管理形态演化几个基本课题。管理学研究的场域在市场交易为边,技术为底的边界内。管理成本构成不适合用"内部交易"来理解,提出应以信息成本、认知成本、激励成本来分解。本文认为管理的形态并不是固定不变的,而是随着信息技术的发展不断演变。机器算法也可以是管理的一种新的展现形态,本文试图从管理的源点出发,理清管理的内涵,阐释管理的本质,为梳理各种管理学理论,提供一个新的视角。

This paper discusses how management comes into being and what is the essence of management from the perspective of division of labor theory.By analyzing the division of labor will inevitably produce disorder and chaos,the paper puts forward the view that management is the compensation of disorder of division of labor in enterprise organization.Under this new perspective,according to the origin of enterprise organization disorder,the management of information,cognition,incentive model of three dimensions are come up with.Then,using the three dimensional model of management as a tool,this paper explores several basic topics of management research,such as the field of management,the composition of management cost and the evolution of management form.The field of management research is within the boundary of market transaction and technology.The composition of management cost is not suitable to be understood by"internal transaction",and it should be divided into information cost,cognitive cost and incentive cost.This paper argues that the form of management is not fixed,but constantly evolving with the development of information technology.Machine algorithm can also be a new form of management.This paper tries to clarify the connotation of management and explain the essence of management from the origin of management,so as to provide a new perspective for sorting out various management theories.