晚播对山西中部地区不同品种小麦生长及产量的影响

Effects of Late Sowing on Growth and Yield of Wheat Varieties in the Middle Area of Shanxi

为选择适合山西中部"冬小麦—夏作物"模式下的晚播冬小麦品种,试验采用单因素随机区组设计,选用晋太182、中麦175、济麦22为参试品种,研究晚播对不同小麦品种生育时期、农艺性状、产量构成因素及产量等指标的影响。结果表明,在晚播条件下,3个参试小麦品种的生育时期基本相同,晋太182的株高与叶面积指数等农艺性状表现最好;中麦175的穗粒数与千粒质量最高,济麦22的单穗质量最高;3个参试小麦品种中晋太182的产量最高,其次为济麦22,中麦175的产量最低;晋太182与济麦22的有效穗数、千粒质量及产量等指标相差不大。综合比较,3个参试小麦品种中,晋太182为最适合当地推广的晚播品种,济麦22可作为备选品种。

To select the late sowing winter wheat varieties suitable for the "winter wheat-summer crops" mode in central Shanxi,this experiment adopted a single-factor random block design, and took Jintai 182, Zhongmai 175 and Jimai 22 as the test varieties,studied the effects of late sowing on the growth period, agronomic characters, yield components and yield of different wheat varieties. The results showed that under the condition of late sowing, the growth period of the three tested varieties was basically the same, and the agronomic traits such as plant height and leaf area index of Jintai 182 performed the best. Zhongmai 175 had the highest number of grains per spike and 1 000-grain quality. Jimai 22 had the largest single ear quality. Among the three varieties, the yield of Jintai 182 was the highest, followed by Jimai 22, and the yield of Zhongmai 175 was the lowest. There was little difference between Jintai 182 and Jimai 22 in terms of effective ear number, 1 000-grain quality and yield. Comprehensive comparison shows that among the three varieties, Jintai182 is the most suitable late-planting variety for local promotion, and Jimai 22 can be used as a candidate variety.