基于REOF方法的海南岛人体舒适度特征分析

Characteristics of Human Body Comfortable Degree in Hainan Island Based on REOF Method

利用1980—2018年海南岛19个气象站逐日常规气象观测资料,根据中国气象行业标准(QX/T152—2012)对海南岛气候季节进行划分,基于“黄金分割率”的体感温度方法计算人体舒适度。在此基础上,采用旋转经验正交分解法对海南岛季节人体舒适度进行综合区划,获取海南岛气候康养的最佳舒适区域。结果发现:(1)海南岛气候温和湿润,年平均气温为22.9~25.3℃,年平均雨量为1157~2615 mm,年平均相对湿度在74%~86%之间,年平均比湿在14.8~16.4 g·kg^(-1)之间,十分适宜康养旅居。(2)与常规气候统计相比,气象行业标准更符合海南岛的季节划分。其中,海南岛夏季为3月中旬至11月中旬,春、秋两季为11月中下旬至次年3月中旬,表明海南岛无冬,最佳的气候康养时段为春、秋两季。(3)春、秋季海南岛人体舒适区可分为琼北、琼中、琼南3个区域,整体上以琼中为最佳舒适区,且3个区域近39 a来气候稳定。

Based on daily conventional observation data at 19 meteorological stations of Hainan Island from 1980 to 2018,the climatic season in Hainan Island was divided according to China’s meteorological industry standard(QX/T152-2012).Then,the comfortable degree of human body was calculated by using sensible temperature of human body based on‘golden ratio’method.And on this basis the comprehensive division of human body comfortable degree was done in each season in Hainan Island by using rotated empirical orthogonal function(REOF),further the optimum comfortable zones of climatotherapy rehabilitation were obtained in Hainan Island.The results are as follows:(1)The climate was mild and moist in Hainan Island,and the annual average temperature was 22.9 to 25.3℃,the average annual precipitation was 1157 to 2615 mm,the annual average relative humidity was 74%to 86%,and the annual average specific humidity was 14.8 to 16.4 g·kg^(-1),which was suitable to rehabilitation.(2)Compared with the conventional climate statistical method,the meteorological industry standard was more in accordance with season division in Hainan Island.According to the climate division,the summer was from mid-March to mid-November in Hainan Island,the autumn and spring were from mid-November to next mid-March,which indicated that there wasn’t winter in Hainan Island,and the optimum period of climatotherapy rehabilitation appeared in spring and autumn.(3)The comfortable region of human body in spring and autumn located in northern Hainan,central Hainan and southern Hainan.Overall,the climate in central Hainan was the most optimal,and the climate in three regions was stable from 1980 to 2018.