广州市中学生中高强度身体活动视屏时间与抑郁症状相关性

Relationship between moderate to vigorous physical activity,screen time and depressive symptoms among middle school students in Guangzhou

目的了解广州市中学生中高强度身体活动(moderate to vigorous physical activity,MVPA)、视屏时间(screen time,ST)及抑郁症状现状及其关系,为制定青少年抑郁防控干预方案提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,对广州市1个城区(5所中学)和1个郊区(3所中学)共2140名学生进行MVPA、ST及抑郁症状问卷调查。采用Logistic回归方法分析MVPA时间、ST以及两者组合对抑郁症状的影响。结果89.72%的中学生MVPA时间未达标,女生(95.52%)高于男生(84.38%);67.38%的中学生ST未达标,男生(69.75%)高于女生(64.81%);中学生抑郁症状检出率为27.01%,女生(31.58%)高于男生(22.80%);MVPA、ST未达标率和抑郁症状检出率职业高中与普通高中均高于初中(χ^(2)值分别为6.40,121.71,27.37,P值均<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,MVPA时间与ST对抑郁症状的交互项无统计学意义,过去7 d MVPA时间达到1 h天数<7 d、每天ST>2 h单独对抑郁症状检出率的OR值分别为1.19(P=0.35)和1.93(P<0.01);将MVPA时间与ST进行组合后发现,过去7 d MVPA时间达到1 h天数<7 d且每天ST>2 h对抑郁症状的OR值最高(OR=2.03,P<0.05)。结论广州市中学生MVPA时间严重不足,ST普遍过长,抑郁症状检出率较高。MVPA时间不足且ST过长的中学生更易产生抑郁症状。应针对不同类型青少年及其家长开展身体活动和视屏行为健康宣教,以减少抑郁症状的发生。

Objective To describe the prevalence and relationship between moderate to vigorous physical activity(MVPA),screen time(ST)and depressive symptoms among middle school students in Guangzhou,and to provide a reference for adolescent depression prevention and control.Methods Using stratified cluster random sampling method,a total of 2140 students were selected from one urban area and one suburban country for MVPA,ST and depressive symptoms investigation.Logistic regression was used to analyze relations among MVPA,ST and their combined patterns for depressive symptoms.Results A total of 89.72%students failed to meet the MVPA recommendations,girls(95.52%)were higher than boys(84.38%).Totally 67.38%of the students failed to meet the ST recommendations,boys(69.75%)were higher than girls(64.81%).The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 27.01%,girls(31.58%)higher than boys(22.80%).MVPA,ST failure compliance rate and depression symptoms detection rate of vocational high school and ordinary high school were higher than junior high school(χ^(2)=6.40,121.71,27.37,P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the OR for depressive symptoms was 1.19(P=0.35)in students whose MVPA time achieving 1 h<7 d in the last week,and was 1.93(P<0.01)in students with the ST>2 h/d independently,no significant interactions were observed.Students with both MVPA time 1 h<7 d in the last week and the ST>2 h/d were more likely to report depressive symptoms(OR=2.03,P<0.05).Conclusion Insufficient MVPA,prolonged ST and high prevalence of depressive symptoms are observed among middle school students in Guangzhou.Students with both insufficient MVPA and prolonged ST are more likely to suffer from depressive symptoms.Specific psychological care and health education regarding physical activity and screen behavior should be implemented to students with different characteristics,as well as their parents for depressive symptom prevention.