农民可持续生计与村民自治

Farmers’Sustainable Livelihood and Villagers’Autonomy

利用CSS2017全国微观调查数据,基于可持续生计分析框架,遵循“能力—意愿—行为”作用链条探讨农民可持续生计对村民自治的影响及作用机制。研究结果显示:整体而言,我国村民自治的农民参与度严重不足;人力资本、金融资本和社会资本对村民自治具有显著正向影响,其中金融资本影响效应最大,人力资本影响效应次之,社会资本影响效应最小,而自然资本和物质资本对村民自治的影响并不显著;人力资本层面的受教育程度、政治知识和能力贡献较大,金融资本层面的影响效应存在不确定性,社会资本层面的社会网络具有较大的显著正效应,而社会信任显著性正效应较小;政治兴趣和政治信任在人力资本、金融资本和社会资本对村民自治影响中存在不同程度的部分中介效应或遮掩效应,而政治兴趣中介效应量较大。因此,需要从参与整体现况、参与能力制约和参与心理意愿的维度提高村民自治中农民的参与水平。

This paper uses the CSS2017 national micro-survey data,based on the sustainable livelihood analysis framework,and follows the“ability-will-behavior”chain of action to explore the impact of farmers’sustainable livelihoods on villagers’autonomy and its mechanism.Research shows that:on the whole,farmers’participation in villagers’autonomy is seriously insufficient.Human capital,financial capital,and social capital have a significant positive impact on villagers’autonomy.Among which,financial capital has the largest impact,followed by human capital,while social capital has the smallest impact.However,natural capital and material capital have no significant influence on villagers’autonomy.Education level,political knowledge and personal ability have a large contribution on the level of human capital,while the impact of financial capital is uncertain.The social network at the social capital level has a large and significant positive effect,while the significant positive effect of social trust is small.Political interest and political trust have varying degrees of partial mediating or covering effects in the influence of human capital,financial capital,and social capital on villagers’autonomy,while the mediating effect of political interest is relatively large.Therefore,it is necessary to improve the willingness of farmers’participation in villagers’autonomy from the dimensions of the overall status of participation,participation capacity constraints,and participation psychological willingness.