数字普惠金融对居民相对贫困的影响效应

Impact of Digital Inclusive Finance on Relative Poverty

基于中国家庭追踪调查2014—2018年数据,从收入不平等视角考察了数字普惠金融对城乡居民相对贫困的影响及机制。研究发现,数字普惠金融指数每增加1%,居民发生相对贫困的概率降低3.2%,数字普惠金融有效缓解了个体的相对剥夺状况,原因在于数字普惠金融发展提高了家庭风险管理能力、缓解了融资约束、并促使家庭社会资本拓展。研究也发现,数字普惠金融对贫困的缓解效应也存在城乡群体和年龄群体的差异。因此,让数字赋能扶贫,是治理相对贫困的有效途径。

Based on the data of the China Family Panel Studies from 2014 to 2018,this paper examines the impact and mechanism of digital inclusive finance on the relative poverty of urban and rural residents from the perspective of income inequality.The study found that for every 1%increase in the digital inclusive finance index,the probability of relative poverty of residents decreases by 3.2%.Digital inclusive finance effectively alleviates the relative deprivation of individuals.The reason is that the development of digital inclusive finance improves household risk management capabilities,eases financing constraints and promotes the expansion of family social capital.However,the study also found that differences exist on the poverty alleviation effect between urban and rural groups and age groups.Therefore,enabling digital empowerment to alleviate poverty is an effective way to control relative poverty.