育龄妇女身体活动与血浆叶酸水平关系的研究

Study on the association between physical activity and plasma folate concentration among women of childbearing age

目的探讨非孕期育龄妇女身体活动对其血液叶酸水平的影响。方法研究对象基于2004—2005年中国原卫生部与世界卫生组织合作在国内9个省/自治区开展的“中国不同地区育龄妇女营养状况调查”项目,原项目共3660人,调查时间为2004年12月1日—12月31日(冬春季)、2005年9月1日—9月30日(夏秋季),采用问卷调查和体格检查收集基本信息,身体活动情况采用国际体力活动问卷(IPAQ)短卷进行调查,血浆叶酸水平采用微生物法测定,血浆叶酸<10.5 nmol/L定义为血浆叶酸缺乏,采用Logistic回归分析育龄妇女身体活动与血浆叶酸水平的关系。结果本研究最后纳入3095名非孕期育龄妇女,平均年龄为(25.8±3.5)岁,以汉族为主(67.4%),受教育程度以初中及以下为主(46.8%),血浆叶酸平均浓度为18.02 nmol/L,血浆叶酸缺乏率为29.8%。控制了膳食叶酸摄入、BMI、季节等因素后,Logistic回归分析显示,半年内每月身体活动≤3次更容易发生血浆叶酸缺乏(OR=2.27,95%CI=1.58~3.25);中等身体活动水平是血浆叶酸缺乏的保护因素(OR=0.52,95%CI=0.38~0.71);中、高水平的身体活动是膳食叶酸较低的保护因素(中:OR=0.77,95%CI=0.60~0.99;高:OR=0.67,95%CI=0.53~0.84)。结论非孕期育龄妇女半年内锻炼次数不足可能是叶酸缺乏的危险因素,中等身体活动水平可能是叶酸缺乏的保护因素,非孕期育龄妇女在增加膳食叶酸摄入的基础上,可以通过增加锻炼频率和保持中等活动水平以维持适宜叶酸水平。

Objective To investigate the effect of physical activity on blood folate levels among non-pregnant women of childbearing age.MethodsThe study was based on the"Survey on nutritional status among women of childbearing age in different regions of China"which was conducted in 9 provinces/autonomous regions in 2004-2005 by the former Ministry of Health of China in cooperation with World Health Organization.A total of 3660 women were investigated from December 1 to December 31,2004(winter and spring)and from September 1 to September 30,2005(summer and Autumn)in the original study.The basic information was collected through questionnaire and physical examination.Physical activity was investigated by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire(IPAQ)short form.Plasma folate concentration was determined by microbiological method and plasma folate<10.5 nmol/L was defined as plasma folate deficiency.Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between physical activity and plasma folate concentration among women of childbearing age.ResultsFinally 3095 non-pregnant women of childbearing age were included in current study,with a mean age of(25.8±3.5)years,predominantly Han Ethnicity(67.4%),majority of them with junior high school or less(46.8%).The mean plasma folate concentration was 18.02 nmol/L and plasma folate deficiency rate of 29.8%.After controlling for dietary folate intake,BMI,season and other factors,plasma folate deficiency was more likely to occur with physical activity≤3 times/Monthly within the past six months(OR=2.27,95%CI=1.58-3.25);moderate physical activity level was a protective factor for plasma folate deficiency(OR=0.52,95%CI=0.38-0.71);medium and high levels of physical activity were protective factors for lower dietary folate(medium:OR=0.77,95%CI=0.60-0.99;high:OR=0.67,95%CI=0.53-0.84).ConclusionInsufficient exercise within six months might be associated with folate deficiency among non-pregnant women of childbearing age,and moderate physical activity level might be associated with folate deficiency.Increasing exercise frequency and maintaining moderate activity level with the increased dietary folate intake would be recommended to maintain appropriate folate among non-pregnant women of childbearing age.