中国及周边地区多层云垂直结构时空分布特征

Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Vertical Structure of Multilayer Clouds in China and Surrounding Areas

利用CALIPSO激光雷达1km水平分辨率的云层产品,计算了中国及周边地区(0°~55°N,70°~140°E)多层云的出现概率,对不同高度多层云的水平分布及其季节变化特征进行了统计分析。结果表明:多层云的出现概率存在显著的区域差异,青藏高原和蒙古高原出现的概率较低,30°N以南的低纬度地区出现的概率较高;多层云系统中双层云占比最大,并且云层发生概率随着云层数的增多而减小;不同高度双层云和三层云的分布特征类似;多层云出现概率夏季最大,冬季最小,其中夏季双层云中“高云+高云”、“高云+中云”和三层云中“高云+高云+高云”、“高云+高云+中云”的配置在青藏高原主体的出现概率最大,而冬季单层云的低云、双层云中“高云+低云”及三层云中少量的“高云+高云+低云”配置在中国东北部海域、南海北部等30°N以北地区的出现概率高于其它季节。

By using CALIPSO lidar 1km horizontal resolution cloud products,the occurrence probability of multilayer clouds in China and its surrounding areas(0°~55°N,70°~140°E)are calculated,and the horizontal distribution of multilayer clouds at different heights and their seasonal variation characteristics are statistically analyzed.The results show that the occurrence probability of clouds has obviously regional variation characteristics.The Tibetan Plateau and the Mongolian Plateau are the low value areas for the occurrence probability of multilayered clouds,while the probability of multilayered clouds relatively increases at low latitudes such as south of 30°N area.Also,the proportion of double-layer clouds is the largest in multi-layer cloud system,and the occurrence probability of clouds decreases when the cloud layer increases.The distribution characteristics of double-layer and triple-layer clouds at different heights are similar.The occurrence probability of multi-layer clouds is the largest in summer and the smallest in winter,among which high plus high clouds,high plus medium clouds and high plus high clouds of triple-layer clouds in summer high clouds plus high clouds,high clouds plus high clouds plus medium clouds are all have the greatest occurrence probability in the main body of the Tibetan Plateau.At the same time,the occurrence probability of low clouds in single-layer clouds and high clouds plus low clouds in double-layer clouds with a small amount of high clouds plus high clouds plus low clouds in triple-layer clouds are higher in winter than that in other seasons in north of 30°N area such as the northeast China sea and the northern South China Sea.