治理现代化下高校教师权益救济制度的桎梏与突破

Shackles and Breakthroughs for College Teachers’Rights and Interests Relief System in Today’s Governance

高校教师权益救济是依法治教的重要表现,是维护教师队伍稳定和壮大的重要举措,也是提高我国教育治理能力的重要维度。当前教师权益救济制度包括行政救济和司法救济两种,二者由于处理范畴、执行基础不同,处于明显的割裂状态,使高校教师权益救济制度本身产生了桎梏。由于教师地位和权利结构不明确,高校教师与学校权益关系复杂,且以申诉制度为代表的行政救济制度在程序上、受理范围、时限等方面存在问题,导致申诉制度效力不强。由于教师权利结构不明确,再加上高校属于学术自治的范畴,在没有具体程序法法理依据时候,司法救济难以对高校与教师之间的权益纠纷产生效力。可通过完善法律体系、创新权益救济机制、建立一体化的权益救济制度体系推进行政救济与司法救济的制度融合,切实保障高校教师的权益。

College teachers’rights and interests relief system,an important substantiation of law-based governance of education,is vital to consolidate the sound faculty development in China.There are two systems of administrative remedy and judicial remedy in the relief of teachers’rights and interests,which works independently,thus making the relief system being performed in shackles due to the separated categories and mechanisms in functions.This separation results in lower efficiency in protecting teachers’rights and interests for the sake of each other’s undefined status and structure,complexities of teachers and universities’rights and interests,as well as problems with the administrative relief system in terms of legal procedure,acceptance scope,time limit,etc.And teachers’ambiguous rights and colleges’academic autonomy also make it hard for judicial intervention in the relief of teachers’rights and interests with no specific procedural law.The authors proposed that such practical steps can be taken as improving the legal system,innovating the rights and interests relief mechanisms,and establishing an integrated rights and interests relief system,to break through the shackles in the integration of efficient administrative remedy and judicial remedy.