延续与批判--独立建筑家主导的日本战后住宅创作研究

Continuation and Criticism:Independent Architect-led Japanese Post-war Residential Design

日本在二战后的大批量住宅具有政策导向、共用原型、技术集中等设计特点。相反,一直游走在主流住宅设计边缘、由独立建筑家主导的住宅设计,则拥有相对自由的理念和显著的个体差异性。通过梳理明治维新之后日本民众生活方式的转变、学界受西方思潮的影响等因素,发现以这些先锋建筑家为主导的住宅创作呈现出日本性的悖论、反市场行为与游戏性、以及家庭机能与城市功能的重构等特征。

This article focuses on the residential design led by independent architects in Japan after the World War Ⅱ. Unlike mass housing, which are policy-oriented, prototype shared and technical concentrated, they have always been on the edge of the mainstream residential design. It is of a relatively free idea and significant differences between individual designs. However, through sorting out factors such as the changes in the Japanese people’s lifestyle after the Meiji Restoration and the influence of Western trends in the academic world, it finds that behind the creation of detached houses led by vanguard architects, there are three certain features:(1) paradox of Japaneseness;(2) anti-market behavior and gameplay;and(3) reconstruction of family and urban functions.