红景天特征图谱的建立及不同品系之间差异的研究

Characteristic Fingerprints of Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma and Differences among Its Different Strains

目的:采用超高效液相色谱法(UPLC)建立同时适用于红景天正品(大花红景天)、习用品(唐古红景天、狭叶红景天)和代用品(长鞭红景天)鉴别的特征图谱;通过聚类分析和主成分分析深入研究不同红景天药材中化学成分差异和规律。方法:采用UPLC,以红景天中含量较高的红景天苷和没食子酸为对照品,采用ACE Excei 2 C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,2μm),流动相为0.1%磷酸水溶液-乙腈,柱温为30℃,流速为0.4 mL·min^(-1),检测波长为275 nm,进样量为5μL,得到红景天正品、习用品及代用品特征图谱;采用化学计量学软件Chem Pattern 2017对结果进行分析和处理。结果:不同批次的红景天正品特征图谱相似度高,对比发现红景天习用品、代用品特征图谱相似度较低,成分有一定差异;聚类分析所建立方法可区分4种红景天药材;主成分分析较好地展示了不同品种成分的差异性。结论:建立的UPLC特征图谱方法专属性强、准确性高,为红景天药材及其饮片或中成药投料的鉴定、质量评价提供了参考。

Objective:To establish characteristic fingerprints for the identification of authentic products,commonly-used products,and substitutes of Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography(UPLC)and explore the difference in chemical compositions and laws of different medicinal materials by cluster analysis and principal component analysis(PCA).Methods:Chromatographic separation was carried out on the ACE Excei 2 C18 column(100 mm×2.1 mm,2μm)at 30℃with water(containing 0.1%phosphoric acid)and acetonitrile as the mobile phase for gradient elution with rhodioloside and gallic acid as controls.The flow rate was 0.4 mL·min^(-1)and the detection wavelength was 275 nm.The injection volume was 5μL.The obtained characteristic fingerprints of authentic products,commonly-used products,and substitutes of Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma were processed and analyzed by Chem Pattern.Results:The characteristic fingerprint of authentic products in different batches showed high similarity,while those of commonly-used products and substitutes displayed low similarity,indicating differences in chemical composition.The cluster analysis could differentiate four types of medicinal materials and PCA could reveal the differences in the components of different samples.Conclusion:The established UPLC characteristic fingerprint is strong in specificity and high in accuracy,which can provide references for the identification and quality evaluation of medicinal materials and pieces of Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma or crude drugs in Chinese patent medicine.