2012-2019年上海市静安区监测人群脑卒中流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological Characteristics of Stroke Among Surveillance Population in Jing′an District Of Shanghai From 2012 to 2019

目的探索近年来上海市静安区居民脑卒中发病现状和特征。方法分析2012-2019年上海市静安区心脑血管疾病监测系统中户籍居民脑卒中发病资料。采用SPSS 21.0软件进行χ^(2)检验、χ^(2)趋势检验。结果2012-2019年静安区累计报告脑卒中新发病例24453例,男女性别比为1.26∶1。脑卒中平均发病年龄为(74.30±12.45)岁,各年份发病年龄男性均早于女性,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2012-2019年,脑卒中年均粗发病率318.68/10万,年均标化发病率130.25/10万,年均标化发病率男性高于女性。脑卒中粗发病率和标化发病率整体呈上升趋势,男女性两率均呈上升趋势,且均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随着年龄的增长,脑卒中发病率呈上升趋势(P<0.05),40岁以前脑卒中发病率处于较低水平,40岁以后快速上升,60岁以上发病率显著上升。脑卒中发病报告类型以缺血型脑卒中最多。结论静安区脑卒中防控形势不容乐观,相关部门应开展有针对性的开展慢性病防控工作。

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of stroke among residents in Jing’an District of Shanghai in recent years.Methods The data of stroke among registered residents in 2012 to 2019 from Jing’an District monitoring system of the cardio-cerebrovascular diseases were analyzed.Results From 2012 to 2019,24453 new cases of stroke were reported in Jing’an District.The male-to-female ratio was 1.26.The mean onset age of stroke was 74.30±12.45 years.The mean onset age of stroke in males was earlier than that in females in all years(P<0.05).The average annual crude incidence and annual age-adjusted incidence of stroke were 318.68/10^(5) and 130.25/10^(5),respectively.The age-adjusted incidence in males is higher than that in females.The crude and ageadjusted incidence of stroke showed an overall upward trend.Similarly,this upward trend was observed in both genders(P<0.05).The incidence of stroke increased with age(P<0.05).The incidence of stroke was at a low level in the age group under 40,rapidly increased in the age group over 40,and increased significantly in the age group over 60.The main type of stroke is the cerebral ischemic stroke.Conclusion The situation of prevention and control of stroke in Jing’an District isn’t optimistic.Relevant departments should carry out targeted prevention and control of chronic diseases.