2016-2020年阿坝州居民恶性肿瘤死因分析

Deaths Caused by Malignant Tumor in Aba Prefecture in 2016 to 2020

目的分析阿坝州居民2016-2020年恶性肿瘤死亡水平及其变化趋势,为恶性肿瘤防控策略制订提供依据。方法死亡资料来源于四川省阿坝州人口死亡信息登记管理系统。应用死因登记信息系统统计与分析工具、SPSS 18.0软件对2016-2020年阿坝州恶性肿瘤死亡率、标化死亡率、构成比和死因顺位进行统计分析。标化死亡率采用中国2010年人口构成进行标化化,率与率之间的比较采用χ^(2)检验,检验水准α=0.05。结果阿坝州2016-2020年居民恶性肿瘤年平均死亡率为71.67/10万,居全死因第3位,男性粗死亡率为92.73/10万,女性粗死亡率为49.84/10万,男性恶性肿瘤死亡率明显高于女性(χ^(2)=290.8,P<0.01),男女死亡率比为1.86∶1。恶性肿瘤排名前5位的分别是肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、食道癌、结直肠和肛门癌,不同类别恶性肿瘤变化趋势不同,肝癌、肺癌呈上升趋势,而胃癌、食道癌、结直肠和肛门癌等死亡基本维持在稳定水平。不同年龄组恶性肿瘤死因不同,且死亡率随着年龄增长而升高。结论恶性肿瘤已成为危害阿坝州居民健康的重点慢性病,加强人群健康教育、建立良好生活方式、采取"三早"预防将作为阿坝州慢性病的重点综合防治策略,慢性病死亡与发病监测工作的质量提升是阿坝州当下急需推进的重要工作。

Objective To analyze the cancer mortality and its trend in Aba residents from 2016 to2020,in order to provide clues for the formulation of prevention and control strategies for malignant tumors.Methods Deaths data were collected from the death information registration and management system of Aba Prefecture,Sichuan Province.The mortality,standardized mortality,constituent ratio and sequence of death causes of malignant tumor in Aba Prefecture from 2016 to2020 were analyzed by using the statistical tools in death cause registration information system and SPSS 18.0 software.The standardized mortality was standardized by the population composition of China in 2010.Chi-square tests were used to compare the rates in different groups,and the significance level was set as 0.05.Results The average annual mortality of malignant tumor was 71.67/10^(5) from 2016 to 2020 in Aba Prefecture,ranking the third in all causes of death.The crude mortality of malignant tumor in males was significantly higher than that in females(92.73/10^(5) vs.49.84/10^(5),χ^(2)=290.8,P<0.01),and the ratio of male to female mortality was 1.86.The top five mortality of malignant tumors were lung cancer,liver cancer,gastric cancer,esophageal cancer,colorectal and anal cancer.The change trend of different types of malignant tumors showed difference.The mortality of liver cancer and lung cancer showed an upward trend,whereas the death rates of gastric cancer,esophageal cancer,colorectal and anal cancer remained at a stable level.The causes of death of malignant tumors varies in different age groups,and the mortality increased with age.Conclusion Malignant tumor has become an important chronic disease endangering the health of residents in Aba Prefecture.Strengthening health education,establishing a good lifestyle,and taking"three early"prevention will be the key comprehensive prevention and control strategies for chronic diseases in Aba Prefecture.The quality improvement of Monitoring quality of mortality and morbidity of chronic diseases is needed to be promoted in this district.