CSA情境下农户生态种养经济效益、实践困境与策略——基于3个农户加入CSA前后的比较分析

Analysis of Economic Benefits,Practical Dilemmas and Strategies of Ecological Farming in CSA Context——Based on the Comparative Analysis of Three Farmers Before Joining CSA and After

农户生态种养实践获得持续且稳定的收入是中国CSA本土化成功的重要体现,也是农户信守承诺长期坚守下去的重要理由。研究基于CSA情境下3个农户生态种养实践的典型案例,采用多案例比较方法,动态分析了参与CSA前后农户生态种养经济效益的变化、增益路径和结构转变,从而为实现传统小农与现代农业有效衔接找到了一种可行的路径。研究表明,农户专业生态种养和劳动密集型生鲜食材的转变,促进了农户生态种养经济效益的显著上升,但生态种养的实践也面临着劳动投入强度大、配送成本高、畜禽防疫问题、供需矛盾突出的多重困境,从农户、合作社、政府和CSA联盟的视角,提出了相应的策略与政策建议。

Whether farmers can obtain sustainable and stable income from ecological planting and breeding practice is not only an important embodiment of the success of CSA localization in China,but also an important reason for farmers to keep their promise and stick to it for a long time.Based on the typical cases of three farmers’ecological planting and breeding practice in the context of CSA,using the multi case comparison method,this paper dynamically analyzes the changes,gain path and structural transforma⁃tion of farmers’ecological planting and breeding economic benefits before and after participating in CSA,so as to find a feasible path for realizing the effective connection between traditional small-scale farmers and modern agriculture.The research shows that the transformation of farmers’professional ecological planting and breeding and labor-intensive fresh food materials has promoted the significant increase of farmers’economic benefits of ecological planting and breeding,but the practice of ecological planting and breeding is also faced with multiple difficulties such as high labor input intensity,high distribution cost,livestock and poultry epidemic prevention and prominent contradiction between supply and demand.From the perspective of farmers,cooperatives,gov⁃ernment and CSA alliance,the corresponding strategies and policy suggestions are put forward.