心脏康复个性化教育模式对冠心病患者PCI术后自我管理及对心血管危险因素的影响

Intervention effect of individualized education mode of cardiac rehabilitation on self-management and cardiovascular risk factors of patients with coronary heart disease after PCI

目的:探讨心脏康复个性化教育模式对冠心病(CHD)患者经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术后自我管理及对心血管危险因素的影响。方法:选取98例成功接受PCI治疗的CHD患者为研究对象,依据术后康复教育模式不同分为对照组和研究组,每组各49例。对照组采用传统心脏康复教育模式;研究组采用个性化心脏康复教育模式,干预时间3个月。分析两组患者干预前后6 min步行试验距离(6MWD)、冠心病自我管理量表(CSMS)评分和心血管危险因素改善情况,分析6MWD与CSMS的相关性。结果:干预3个月后,两组患者6MWD、CSMS总分均有升高(P<0.05),且研究组6MWD、“疾病知识获得管理”“治疗依从性管理”评分和CSMS总分高于对照组(P<0.05)。对照组干预前后血压血脂指标变化比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组干预后舒张压(DBP)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)水平下降(P<0.05),且低于对照组(P<0.05)。CHD患者6MWD与CSMS总分呈正相关(r=0.793,P<0.05)。结论:心脏康复个性化教育模式能提高CHD患者自我管理能力,促进心脏康复和控制心血管危险因素。

Objective:To explore the effect of individualized education mode of cardiac rehabilitation on self-management and cardiovascular risk factors of patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods:98 CHD patients who were successfully treated by PCI were selected and divided into study group and control group according to different modes of postoperative rehabilitation education,with 49 cases in each group.The control group received traditional education mode for cardiac rehabilitation after PCI,while the study group received personalized cardiac rehabilitation education mode for 3 months.The improvement of 6-minute walking test distance(6MWD),coronary heart disease self-management scale(CSMS)score and cardiovascular risk factors before and after intervention were analyzed,and the correlation between 6MWD and CSMS was analyzed.Results:After 3 months of intervention,the total scores of 6MWD and CSMS in the two groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the scores of 6MWD,disease knowledge acquisition management,treatment compliance management and CSMS in the study group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant change in blood pressure and blood lipid indexes before and after the intervention in the control group(P>0.05).After intervention,the levels of diastolic blood pressure(DBP)and low density lipoprotein(LDL-C)in the study group decreased(P<0.05),and which were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).6MWD was positively correlated with the total score of CSMS(r=0.793,P<0.05).Conclusion:Individualized education model of cardiac rehabilitation can improve the self-management ability of CHD patients,promote cardiac rehabilitation and control cardiovascular risk factors.