群际接触干预同性恋态度研究:出柜时机的影响与生理性别差异

Intergroup Contact Intervention in Attitude towards Homosexuality:the Impact of the Time of Coming Out and the Difference of Sex

目的:基于群际接触理论,探讨与同性恋群际接触过程中出柜时机对同性恋态度干预效果的影响,以及被试和同性恋者的生理性别差异。方法:实验一和实验二分别采用直接接触和想象接触。实验一是2(出柜时机:接触前出柜、接触后出柜)×2(干预状态:干预前、干预后)的混合实验设计,实验二为3(出柜时机:接触前出柜、接触后出柜、不出柜)×2(干预状态:干预前、干预后)×2(干预材料:与男同接触录音材料、与女同接触录音材料)×2(干预对象性别:男性、女性)的混合实验设计。两个实验的有效被试分别为100名、120名。结果:①有条件的直接接触和想象接触显著改善异性恋大学生对同性恋的态度;②出柜时机影响与同性恋群际接触的干预效果,相比接触前出柜,接触后出柜条件下的群际接触干预效果更好;③与同性恋的群际接触过程中,大学生对同性恋的态度存在显著的生理性别差异,女性对同性恋的态度好于男性,对女同性恋的态度好于对男同性恋的态度。结论:接触后出柜有助于提高以同性恋态度为干预目标的群际接触干预效果,对同性恋的态度存在女性好于男性的趋势和对女同性恋态度好于对男同性恋态度的趋势。

Objective:Based on intergroup contact theory,explore the impact of the time of coming out during intergroup contact with homosexuals on the effect of intervention on attitudes towards homosexuals and sex differences of subjects and homosexuals.Methods:Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 compared the impact of different timings of coming out on the intervention effect and sex differences of subjects and homosexuals through direct contact and imaginary contact respectively.The effective subjects of the two experiments were 100 and 120 respectively.Results:①Conditional direct contact and imaginary contact significantly improved heterosexual college students’attitudes towards homosexuality;②Compared with coming out before contact,intergroup contact intervention under the condition of coming out after contact was better;③In the process of intergroup contact with homosexuals,there were significant sex differences of subjects and homosexuals in the attitudes of college students towards homosexuals,female’s attitudes toward homosexuality were better than male’s,and attitudes toward lesbians were better than those toward gays.Conclusion:Coming out after contact helps to promote the effect of intergroup contact intervention aimed at improving attitude towards homosexuals.There is a trend that female’s attitude towards homosexuality is better than male’s,and attitude towards lesbians is better than attitude towards gays.