认知行为团体与自助干预模式对大学生自尊及心理健康的干预

The Effect of Group and Self-help Cognitive Behavioral Intervention on the Self-esteem and Mental Health among College Students

目的:考察团体和自助模式的认知行为干预对大学生自尊与心理健康的影响。方法:采用实验组与对照组前后测设计,纳入118名在校大学生,团体实验组(32名)和自助实验组(36名)分别进行以认知行为理论为基础的团体干预和自助练习,对照组(50名)不接收任何心理学相关训练,持续8周。用自尊量表、贝克抑郁量表及一般健康问卷评价干预效果。结果:团体组的后测自尊得分高于前测(d=0.86),后测抑郁和心理健康得分低于前测(d=-0.73,-0.53);自助组的后测自尊得分高于前测边缘显著(d=0.46),后测抑郁和心理健康得分与前测差异不显著(d=-0.43,-0.38)。对照组在自尊、抑郁和心理健康前后测得分上无显著差异。控制基线后,团体组和自助组自尊、抑郁和心理健康得分的前后测差值的绝对值均显著高于对照组;团体组自尊得分的前后测差值高于自助组。结论:团体和自助方式的认知行为干预能有效提升大学生的自尊,改善抑郁与心理健康,且团体干预自尊的效果优于自助方式。

Objective:To examine the efficacy of cognitive behavioral intervention(CBT)for self-esteem and mental health amongst college students.Methods:An experimental group and control group pretest-posttest design was used.A total of 118 college students were included,32 of them participated eight-week group intervention,36 of them had access to the eight-week self-help intervention deploying the self-help guideline,50 of them were in the controlled group without any psychological training.Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale(SES),Beck Depression Inventory(BDI-II)and the General Health Questionnaire(GHQ-12)were measured before and after the intervention.Results:It yielded that the posttest scores of self-esteem of the participants in the group CBT was significantly higher than the pretest level with a large effect size(d=0.86),and the scores of depression and mental health of participants receiving group CBT significantly decreased at the post-assessment(d=-0.73,-0.53).Under the self-help CBT condition,marginally significant increase in the scores of self-esteem was found,while non-significant differences were identified between pre and post intervention in reported depression and general mental health with medium effect sizes(d=0.38-0.53).For controlled group,all posttest scores were not significantly different with the pretest scores.Controlling for the baseline,the differences between post-test scores and pretest scores in the self-esteem,depression and mental health were significantly larger under the group CBT and the selfhelp CBT conditions than that under the controlled condition.The change magnitude of self-esteem under the group CBT condition was larger than that under the self-help CBT condition.Conclusion:Both group and self-help cognitive behavioral intervention have been confirmed effective for the improvement in self-esteem and mental health of college students,and group CBT improves the self-esteem better than self-help CBT do.