肿瘤患者贫血现况的调查与分析

Investigation of anemia in cancer patients in the real world

目的对肿瘤患者贫血现况进行调查和分析。方法选取2014年5月至2019年5月清华大学第一附属医院收治的原发性恶性肿瘤患者401例,共计住院621例次,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析,计算肿瘤相关性贫血(cancer related anemia,CRA)的发生率,了解治疗现状。结果CRA发生率为72.9%(453/621),除淋巴瘤,CRA主要集中在肾癌等泌尿系统肿瘤和食管癌、胃癌等消化道肿瘤;肿瘤患者初诊伴贫血的比例为62.6%(251/401),泌尿系统肿瘤比例最高;疾病相关性贫血是导致CRA最常见的原因(占65.3%);CRA为正细胞性贫血339例次(占74.8%);CRA为轻、中度贫血426例次(94.0%);整体CRA治疗比例仅为36.4%(165/453),其中轻度贫血为21.2%(55/260),中度贫血为51.8%(86/166)。结论三级医院CRA发生率高,但治疗比例低,尤其是轻中度贫血,亟需引起重视。

Objective To investigate anemia status in cancer patients.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted in 401 cases selected from May 2014 to May 2019 in Department of Hematology Oncology,First Hospital of Tsinghua University.The incidence rate of cancer related anemia(CRA)was calculated.The clinical characteristics and current treatment status of CRA were analyzed.Results The incidence of CRA was 72.9%(453/621).In addition to lymphoma,CRA was mainly concentrated in urinary system tumors such as kidney cancer and digestive tract tumors such as esophageal cancer and stomach cancer.The incidence of cancer patient with anemia at the first diagnosis was 62.6%(251/401),and urinary system tumors were the highest.Disease associated anemia was the most common cause of CRA,accounting for 65.3%.The proportion of CRA with normocytic normochromic anemia accounted for 74.8%.The prevalence of CRA was 94.0%in mild and moderate anemia.The proportion of CRA treated was only 36.4%(165/453),and which was 21.2%(55/260)in mild anemia,and 51.8%(86/166)in moderate anemia.Conclusions The incidence of CRA in the tertiary hospital is high.However,the proportion of treatment is low,especially in mild and moderate anemia,which should be paid more attention to.