基于高通量测序的坡豪湖湿地土壤细菌群落结构分析

Analysis of Soil Bacterial Community Structure in Pohao Lake Wetland Based on High-throughput Sequencing

在四季选取坡豪湖湿地湖泊周边的8个土壤样地,采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术对细菌的16S rRNA V3~V4区进行测序,并结合土壤理化性质,研究了土壤细菌多样性变化的特征和驱动因素。结果表明:从所有样本中共检测到细菌类群38门、92纲、198目、367科、625属,主要的优势菌门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、硝化螺菌门(Nitrospirae)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)。在对四季样本的检测中,水分因素对土壤理化指标影响显著(P<0.05),其中土壤含水量(SMC)与绿弯菌门呈极显著负相关,与放线菌门、厚壁菌门呈显著正相关;pH与硝化刺菌门(Nitrospinae)呈极显著正相关,与厚壁菌门呈显著负相关;总氮(TN)与拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)呈极显著正相关,与绿弯菌门呈显著负相关。因此,下游电站的季节性蓄放水对坡豪湖湿地的土壤细菌多样性和群落组成产生了显著的影响,同时人类活动对土壤细菌群落结构起着不可忽视的作用。

Eight soil samples around Pohao Lake wetland were selected in four seasons,and the bacterial 16S rRNA V3~V4 region was sequenced by Illumina Miseq high-throughput platform.Combined with soil physicochemical properties,the bacterial diversity and its driving factors were studied.The results showed that 38 phyla,92 classes,198 orders,367 families and 625 genera of bacteria groups in all samples were detected,and the main dominant phyla were Proteobacteria,Chloroflexi,Actinobacteria,Acidobacteria,Nitrospiraceae and Firmicutes.Moisture factor had a significant influence on soil physical and chemical indexes in the detection of seasonal samples(P<0.05).The soil water content(SMC)was significantly negatively correlated with Chloroflex,and significantly positively correlated with Actinobacteria and Firmicutes.The pH was significantly positively correlated with Nitrosspinae,and significantly negatively correlated with Firmicutes.The total nitrogen(TN)was positively correlated with Bacteroidetes,and significantly negatively correlated with Chloroflexi.Therefore,the seasonal water storage and drainage caused by downstream reservoir has a significant effect on the soil bacterial diversity and community composition of Pohao Lake wetland,and human activities also can not be neglected in soil bacterial community structure.