低危初产妇自然分娩过程中会阴无保护接生技术的应用效果分析

Application effects of unprotected perineal delivery technique in low-risk nulliparous women during natural delivery

目的分析低危初产妇自然分娩过程中会阴无保护接生技术的应用效果。方法选取淮北市人民医院2017年1-12月住院分娩的低危初产妇70例为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组、观察组各35例,对照组采用常规技术接生,观察组采用会阴无保护技术接生,比较两组会阴侧切率、会阴裂伤发生率、产程时间,采取视觉模拟评分量表(VAS)评价两组产后会阴疼痛程度。结果观察组会阴侧切率为8.57%(3/35),低于对照组[45.71%(16/35)],差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=10.402,P<0.001);观察组会阴完整、会阴Ⅰ度裂伤、会阴Ⅱ度裂伤发生率分别为34.29%(12/35)、57.14%(20/35)、8.57%(3/35),对照组分别为11.43%(4/35)、28.57%(10/35)、60.00%(21/35),两组差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.732、4.725、18.324,均P<0.05);观察组VAS评分为(3.08±0.42)分,低于对照组的(5.13±0.58)分(t=16.936,P<0.001);两组第一产程、第二产程、第三产程时间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论低危初产妇分娩过程中采用会阴无保护接生,可减少产妇产时损伤,值得应用。

Objective To investigate the application effects of unprotected perineal delivery technique in low-risk nulliparous women during natural delivery.Methods Seventy low-risk nulliparous women who delivered in January to December 2017 in Huaibei People's Hospital were included in this study.They were randomly assigned to undergo delivery with either conventional technology(control group,n=35)or unprotected perineal delivery technique(observation group,n=35).Lateral episiotomy rate,incidence of perineal tears,labor process time and Visual Analogue Scale score as well as the degree of postpartum perineal pain were compared between two groups.Results Lateral episiotomy rate in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group8.57%(3/35)vs.(45.71%(16/35),χ^(2)=10.402,P<0.001).The incidence rates of complete perineum,grade I perineal injury and grade II perineal injury in the observation group were 34.29%(12/35),57.14%(20/35)and 8.57%(3/35),respectively,and those in the control group were 11.43%(4/35),28.57%(10/35)and 60.00%(21/35)respectively(χ^(2)=4.732,4.725,18.324,all P<0.05).The Visual Analogue Scale score in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group[(3.08±0.42)points vs.(5.13±0.58)points,t=16.936,P<0.001].There were no significant differences in the time of first-stage,second-stage and third-stage labors between the two groups(all P>0.05).Conclusion Application of unprotected perineal delivery technique for low-risk primipara delivery can reduce maternal injury during delivery,which is worthy of application.