电力市场环境下基于改进纳什议价方法的多微网能源交易机制设计

Design of Multi-Microgrid Energy Trading Mechanism Based on Improved Nash Bargaining Method in Electricity Market Environment

为设计一套科学合理的多微网间能源交易机制,针对多微网交易过程中难以体现交易市场竞争程度与利益分配不合理两个问题,提出了一种基于改进纳什议价方法的多微网交易机制。建立微网内各单元运行模型与收益模型,考虑到各微网间能够进行电能交易,实现微网群内能源互补,提出多微网间动态电价模型,构建多微网市场交易模型;以微网群整体收益最大为目标,建立多微网合作运行模型,以各微网非合作博弈下的运行收益作为谈判崩裂点,利用改进纳什议价方法对各微网的收益进行分配。对比分析了各微网在独立运行、非合作博弈以及合作博弈共3种模式下的结果,以验证所提方法能够维持每个微网参与合作的积极性。以4个微网为算例,在MATLAB平台上利用Yalmip工具与IPOPT求解器分别进行建模与仿真。结果表明:所提的多微网能源交易模型能反映微网间交易的竞争程度,相比各微网独立运行,微网群的总收益提高了766.98元,同时与主网间的交互电量减少了153.08 kW·h;相比各微网处于非合作博弈模式,所提出的分配方法使得4个微网的收益分别提高了1.07%、0.76%、0.66%、0.88%,能够鼓励各微网参与合作。

It is necessary to design a scientific and reasonable energy trading mechanism between multiple microgrids.In view of the two issues of the imperfect reflection of the degree of competition in the trading market and the unreasonable benefit distribution in the process of multi-microgrid transactions,a multi-microgrid transaction mechanism based on improved Nash bargaining method is proposed,and the operating model and profit model of each unit in a microgrid are constructed.Considering that electricity can be traded between each microgrid to realize energy complementation among the microgrids,a dynamic electricity price model among multiple microgrids is proposed,and then a multi-microgrid market transaction model is established.The results show that the proposed multi-microgrid energy transaction model can reflect the degree of competition between microgrids.With the goal of maximizing the overall profit of the microgrids,a multi-microgrid cooperative operation model is suggested,and the operating profit of each microgrid under the non-cooperative game is regarded as the point of negotiation breaking point,then Nash bargaining method is used to distribute the profit of each microgrid.The results of the three modes of independent operation,non-cooperative game and cooperative game of each microgrid are compared and analyzed to verify that the proposed method can maintain the enthusiasm of each microgrid to participate in cooperation.Taking four microgrids as an example,the Yalmip tool and IPOPT solver are used for modelling and simulating on MATLAB platform.Compared with the independent operation of each microgrid,the total profit of the microgrids increases by 766.98 yuan,and the interaction electricity with the main network reduces by 153.08 kW·h.Compared with all microgrids in non-cooperative game mode,the proposed distribution method increases the profit of the four microgrids by 1.07%,0.76%,0.66%,and 0.88%respectively,which encourages each microgrid to participate in the cooperation.