高分辨率大视场计算成像方法

High-Resolution and Large Field-of-View Computational Imaging Method

高分辨率大视场成像使得航天遥感可以在更广阔的范围内进行更精细的感知,提出一种基于计算成像基本原理的大视场次优计算成像设计方法。该方法将成像过程分为硬件成像和软件复原两方面,软硬件结合的设计方法可以充分结合二者优势,降低了硬件设计难度,提升了系统成像综合性能。在光学系统硬件设计方面,提出次优光学设计方法,不再将设计自由度资源单一应用在小视场范围内,而是在更大视场范围内寻求一致性的次优点扩展函数,结合图像复原方法,扩大有限设计自由度条件下的成像视场。采用次优方法设计离轴三反光学系统,设计视场可以提高到5°,相比于常规设计方法,视场提高1倍以上;结合基于深度学习的非线性图像复原方法,对于同类目标,结构相似度达到85%以上,对于不同类型目标,结构相似度可达80%以上,有效实现高分辨率大视场成像系统设计,为航天遥感广域精细观察提供了新方法。

High-resolution and large field-of-view imaging allows aerospace remote sensing to perform finer perception over a wider range.Based on the computational imaging basic principle,this paper proposes a suboptimal computational imaging design method with a large field-of-view.The imaging process,is divided into two components:hardware imaging and software restoration.The design method that combines software and hardware can fully incorporate the advantages of the two,reducing the difficulty of hardware design and improving the overall performance of system imaging.In terms of hardware design,a suboptimal optical design method is proposed,which seeks a consistent suboptimal point expansion function in a larger field-of-view rather than using the design degree of freedom resources in a small field-of-view.The imaging field-of-view under the state of limited design degree of freedom is enlarged when combined with the image restoration method.The off-axis three-mirror optical system is designed using the suboptimal method,which increases the design field-of-view to 5°,which is more than twice the field-of-view of conventional design method.When combined with the nonlinear image restoration method based on deep learning,the structural similarity of similar targets is more than 85%,and that of different types of targets is more than 80%,which effectively realizes the design of high-resolution and large field-of-view imaging system,and provides a new method for aerospace remote sensing wide-area fine observation.