海淀区0〜3岁婴幼儿龋危险因素的分析研究

Analysis of risk factors for dental caries among 0-3 year old infants in Haidian District

目的探讨低龄儿童龋(early childhood caries,ECC)与口腔健康行为的相关关系,为0〜3岁婴幼儿龋病的综合防治提供科学依据。方法纳入395名1岁以下无龋儿童进行2年的纵向观察,每半年定期口腔检查和问卷调查,对家长进行口腔健康指导。统计分析喂养、口腔卫生状况、定期口腔检查等因素与ECC的相关性。结果进入课题观察终点253人,平均月龄(27.67±5.98)个月,患龋率36.76%,龋均1.04±1.68。口腔卫生状况、检查次数、奶瓶喂养、夜间喂养、睡前进食后清洁和刷牙频率是ECC的影响因素(P<0.05)。口腔检查次数是婴幼儿龋的重要负相关影响因素(P<0.05),每增加1次口腔检查,患龋风险降低61.6%。结论定期口腔检查和菌斑控制是预防婴幼儿龋的关键因素。

Objective To investigate the relationship between early childhood caries(ECC) and oral health behaviors in 0-3 year old infants. Methods A total of 395 non-carious children under the age of 1 were included for 2 years of longitudinal observation, regular oral examination and questionnaire survey every six months. Statistical analysis of the correlation between factors such as feeding, oral hygiene, regular oral examinations and ECC was conducted. Results A total of 253 children completed the program. The caries rate was 36.76%, and mean decayed teeth were 1.04±1.68. Oral hygiene, inspection times, bottle feeding, night feeding, eating before bedtime and tooth brushing frequency were the influencing factors of ECC(P<0.05). The risk of caries decreased by 61.6%(OR=0.384)with each additional oral examination.Conclusions Regular oral examination and plaque control are the key factors to prevent ECC.