深圳市龙华区5600名3~6岁学龄前儿童外周静脉血血细胞参考区间调查

Survey of reference intervals of peripheral venous blood cells in 5600 preschoolers aged 3-6 years in Shenzhen Longhua District

目的建立深圳市龙华区3~6岁学龄前儿童外周静脉血血细胞参考区间,为本地区儿童疾病的诊断、治疗及预防提供科学依据。方法选择2020年3~6月在深圳市龙华区妇幼保健院健康体检的3~6岁学龄前儿童5600名,采用日本Sysmex XE5000全自动血液分析仪对外周静脉血白细胞(WBC)、红细胞(RBC)、血小板(PLT)、血红蛋白(HGB)、红细胞压积(HCT)及平均红细胞血红蛋白(MCH)水平进行检测,并对结果进行统计分析。结果男孩RBC、HGB及MCH水平分别为(4.79±0.46)×10^(12)/L、(137.56±9.84)g/L及(29.32±2.67)pg,明显高于女孩的(4.42±0.31)×10^(12)/L、(126.95±8.36)g/L及(27.61±2.32)pg,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而WBC、PLT及HCT水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);3~6岁学龄前儿童不同年龄WBC、PLT、HCT结果之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而RBC、HGB及MCH结果之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且3~4岁儿童RBC、HGB及MCH水平明显高于5~6岁,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),但3~4岁和5~6岁儿童RBC、HGB及MCH水平之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);3~6岁学龄前儿童WBC、PLT及HCT参考区间分别为(4.08~11.92)×10^(9)/L、(155.67~474.25)×10^(9)/L及(31.03~46.85)%;3~4岁男孩RBC、HGB及MCH参考区间分别为(4.14~5.74)×10^(12)/L、(126.07~164.32)g/L及(25.68~36.03)pg,女孩分别为(3.89~5.31)×10^(12)/L、(116.81~149.25)g/L及(24.19~33.91)pg,而5~6岁男孩分别为(3.87~5.39)×10^(12)/L、(116.30~147.57)g/L及(24.35~32.06)pg,女孩分别为(3.69~4.95)×10^(12)/L、(106.94~134.63)g/L及(21.64~29.75)pg。结论深圳龙华区3~6岁不同性别和年龄学龄前儿童的RBC、HGB及MCH水平存在不同程度的差异,应分别建立其外周静脉血血细胞参考区间,有利于学龄前儿童的健康监测。

Objective To establish a reference interval for peripheral venous blood cells of preschoolers(3-6 years of age)in Shenzhen Longhua District,and to provide scientific basis for the diagnosis,treatment and prevention of childhood diseases in this area.Methods A total of 5600 preschoolers aged 3-6 years were selected in this study,who underwent physical examination at Shenzhen Longhua District Maternity&Child Healthcare Hospital from March to June in 2020.The Sysmex XE-5000 hematology analyzer(Japan)was used to detect the levels of peripheral venous white blood cells(WBC),red blood cells(RBC),platelets(PLT),hemoglobin(HGB),hematocrit(HCT),and mean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCH).Then the results were analyzed statistically.Results The levels of RBC,HGB,and MCH were significantly higher in boys than in girls(P<0.05),i.e.RBC,(4.79±0.46)×10^(12)/L vs(4.42±0.31)×10^(12)/L;HGB,(137.56±9.84)g/L vs(126.95±8.36)g/L;MCH,(29.32±2.67)pg vs(27.61±2.32)pg.There was no statistically significant difference in the levels of WBC,PLT,and HCT between boys and girls(P>0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in WBC,PLT,and HCT levels of preschoolers aged 3-6 years between different age groups(P>0.05).However,there were statistically significant differences in the levels of RBC,HGB,and MCH(P<0.05),and the levels of RBC,HGB,and MCH in children aged 3-4 years were significantly higher than those in children aged 5-6 years(P<0.05);but there was no statistically significant difference within the 3-4 years children group and the 5-6 years children group(P>0.05).The reference intervals of WBC,PLT,and HCT for preschoolers aged 3-6 years was(4.08-11.92)×10^(9)/L,(155.67-474.25)×10^(9)/L,and(31.03-46.85)%,respectively.The reference intervals of RBC,HGB,and MCH for 3 to 4-year-old boys were respectively(4.14-5.74)×10^(12)/L,(126.07~164.32)g/L,and(25.68-36.03)pg;and for girls were respectively(3.89-5.31)×10^(12)/L,(116.81-149.25)g/L,and(24.19-33.91)pg.However,the reference intervals of RBC,HGB,and MCH for 5-6-year-old boys were(3.87-5.39)×10^(12)/L,(116.30-147.57)g/L,and(24.35-32.06)pg,respectively;and for girls,they were(3.69-4.95)×10^(12)/L,(106.94-134.63)g/L,and(21.64-29.75)pg,respectively.Conclusion The levels of RBC,HGB,and MCH in preschoolers(3-6 years of age)in Shenzhen Longhua District have varying degrees of difference in different genders and different ages.Reference intervals for peripheral venous blood cells should be established respectively,which is conducive to the health monitoring of preschoolers.